AS 4081-1993

1 - AS 4081-1993 THE STORAGE, HANDLING AND TRANSPORT OF LIQUID AND LIQUEFIED POLYFUNCTIONAL ISOCYANATES
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 APPLICATION
7 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
8 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
8 - 1.4.1 Approved
8 - 1.4.2 Articulated loading arm
8 - 1.4.3 Bulk container
8 - 1.4.4 Combustible liquid
8 - 1.4.5 Connector
8 - 1.4.6 Dangerous goods
8 - 1.4.7 Drum
8 - 1.4.8 Exposure Standard
9 - 1.4.9 Flammable liquid
9 - 1.4.10 Informative
9 - 1.4.11 Intermediate bulk container (IBC)
9 - 1.4.12 Laid down
9 - 1.4.13 Material safety data sheet (MSDS)
9 - 1.4.14 Normative
9 - 1.4.15 Occupier
9 - 1.4.16 Package
9 - 1.4.17 Packaging
9 - 1.4.18 Pig
9 - 1.4.19 Pigging
9 - 1.4.20 Polyfunctional isocyanate (PFI)
9 - 1.4.21 Primary (onshore) bulk storage system
9 - 1.4.22 Purge gas
9 - 1.4.23 Self-contained breathing apparatus
9 - 1.4.24 Shall
9 - 1.4.25 Should
9 - 1.4.26 Tank
9 - 1.4.27 Tanker
9 - 1.4.28 Transfer point
9 - 1.4.29 Transport tank
9 - 1.4.30 Ullage
9 - 1.5 REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO VISITORS TO PFI STORAGE AND HANDLING AREAS
10 - SECTION 2 HAZARDS OF POLY FUNCTIONAL ISOCYANATES
10 - 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
10 - 2.2 GENERAL
10 - 2.3 HEALTH HAZARDS
10 - 2.4 HAZARDOUS UNDESIRABLE REACTIONS
10 - 2.4.1 Reaction with water
10 - 2.4.2 Fire
10 - 2.4.3 Reaction with alkaline substances
11 - 2.4.4 Reaction with rubber and plastics
11 - 2.4.5 Reaction with metals
12 - SECTION 3 OPERATOR SAFETY
12 - 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12 - 3.2 PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE
12 - 3.3 TRAINING
12 - 3.4 SAFETY EQUIPMENT
12 - 3.4.1 Personal protective equipment
12 - 3.4.2 Safety shower
13 - SECTION 4 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
13 - 4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
13 - 4.2 GENERAL
13 - 4.3 MEDICAL EXAMINATION
14 - SECTION 5 OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE
14 - 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
14 - 5.2 WORKPLACE EXPOSURE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
14 - 5.3 CONTROL HIERARCHY
14 - 5.3.1 General
14 - 5.3.2 Isolation of processes
14 - 5.3.3 Engineering controls
14 - 5.3.4 Safe work practices
14 - 5.4 PERSONAL PROTECTION
14 - 5.5 HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS
16 - SECTION 6 FIRE PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
16 - 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
16 - 6.2 FIRE PROTECTION
16 - 6.2.1 General considerations
16 - 6.2.2 Fire protection measures
16 - 6.2.3 Management of fire
16 - 6.3 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
16 - 6.3.1 Emergency action plan
16 - 6.3.2 Emergency procedures
17 - 6.4 PLACARDING
17 - 6.4.1 Entrance warning sign
17 - 6.4.2 Placarding of storages
17 - 6.4.3 Safety information board
17 - 6.5 MANIFEST
17 - 6.6 FIRST AID
17 - 6.6.1 General
17 - 6.6.2 Personal decontamination
18 - 6.6.3 First aid equipment
18 - 6.7 MANAGEMENT OF SPILLS
18 - 6.7.1 General
18 - 6.7.2 Equipment and chemicals
18 - 6.7.3 Leaking packages and minor spills
18 - 6.7.4 Major spills
19 - SECTION 7 WASTE DISPOSAL
19 - 7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
19 - 7.2 DISPOSAL OF UNREACTED MATERIALS
19 - 7.2.1 General
19 - 7.2.2 Disposal of PFI
19 - 7.2.3 Disposal of contents of leaking package (e.g. a drum)
19 - 7.2.4 Disposal of packagings
19 - 7.3 DISPOSAL OF WASTES
20 - SECTION 8 DESIGN OF EQUIPMENT, INSTALLATION, LOCATION AND OPERATIONS AT INSTALLATIONS FOR PFI STORAGE
20 - 8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
20 - 8.2 GENERAL
20 - 8.3 ILLUMINATION
20 - 8.4 SECURITY
20 - 8.5 TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
21 - SECTION 9 PRIMARY BULK STORAGE INSTALLATIONS
21 - 9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
21 - 9.2 GENERAL
21 - 9.3 BULK STORAGE SYSTEMS
21 - 9.3.1 General
22 - 9.3.2 Storage tank capacity
22 - 9.3.3 Tanks
22 - 9.3.4 Piping systems
22 - 9.3.5 PFI Vapour emission control
23 - 9.3.6 Vacuum relief system
23 - 9.3.7 Installation of bulk storage tanks
23 - 9.3.8 Location
23 - 9.3.9 Safety information board and tank placarding
23 - 9.4 TRANSFER SYSTEM BETWEEN A MARINE TANKER AND THE PRIMARY BULK STORAGE
23 - 9.4.1 General
23 - 9.4.2 Piping system
24 - 9.4.3 Connections between wharf piping and the marine tanker
24 - 9.4.4 Testing/maintenance of flexible hose assemblies
24 - 9.4.5 Transfer from ship to onshore bulk storage
25 - 9.5 TRANSFER FROM PRIMARY BULK STORAGE SYSTEM TO TRANSPORT TANKS OR TANKERS
25 - 9.5.1 Liquid transfer
25 - 9.5.2 Pumps
25 - 9.5.3 Emergency stop/shutdown provision
25 - 9.5.4 PFI vapour emission control
26 - 9.5.5 Piping system
26 - 9.5.6 Provision for purging the loading hose
26 - 9.5.7 Transfer point
26 - 9.5.8 Connections between pipes and transport tanks or tankers
27 - 9.5.9 Transfer operations
28 - 9.5.10 Clearing transfer hose of PFIs
29 - SECTION 10 PROCESSING SITE INSTALLATION
29 - 10.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
29 - 10.2 GENERAL
29 - 10.3 BULK STORAGE SYSTEM
29 - 10.4 INSTALLATION
30 - 10.5 LOCATION
30 - 10.6 TANK OVERFLOW COLLECTION SYSTEM
30 - 10.6.1 Piping system
30 - 10.6.2 Overflow tanks
31 - 10.7 VAPOUR EMISSION CONTROL
29 - 10.3.1 General
29 - 10.3.2 Capacity
29 - 10.3.3 Tanks
29 - 10.3.4 Piping system
31 - 10.8 VACUUM RELIEF SYSTEM
31 - 10.9 PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM
31 - 10.10 TRANSFER FROM TRANSPORT TANKS OR TANKERS TO BULK STORAGE TANKS
31 - 10.10.1 General
31 - 10.10.2 Storage tank space
31 - 10.10.3 Vapour emission control
31 - 10.10.4 Pumps
31 - 10.10.5 Emergency stop/shutdown provision
31 - 10.10.6 Piping system
32 - 10.10.7 Transfer point
32 - 10.10.8 Pipe connections
32 - 10.10.9 Pre-transfer check
32 - 10.10.10 Transfer procedure
33 - 10.10.11 Post-transfer procedure
33 - 10.11 CLEARING TRANSFER HOSE OF PFIs
33 - 10.12 PREVENTING SOLIDIFICATION
34 - SECTION 11 PACKAGING, PACKAGE STORAGE AND PACKAGE TRANSFER SYSTEMS
34 - 11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
34 - 11.2 GENERAL
34 - 11.3 PACKAGING
34 - 11.4 PACKAGE STORAGE
34 - 11.4.1 Storage area
34 - 11.4.2 Location of storage
34 - 11.5 LOCATION OF TRANSFER SYSTEMS
34 - 11.6 EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR FILLING PACKAGINGS
34 - 11.6.1 General
35 - 11.6.2 Filling equipment
35 - 11.6.3 Ventilation system
35 - 11.7 FILLING PACKAGES
35 - 11.7.1 Checking of conditions before commencing filling
36 - 11.7.2 Procedure for filling packagings
36 - 11.8 EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR EMPTYING PACKAGES
36 - 11.8.1 Ventilation
36 - 11.8.2 Emptying by drum pump
36 - 11.8.3 Pressure-equalization of packages
36 - 11.8.4 Emptying by decanting
36 - 11.8.5 Disposal of empty packages
36 - 11.9 PROCEDURE FOR EMPTYING PACKAGES
36 - 11.9.1 Receipt of packages
37 - 11.9.2 Items to be confirmed prior to emptying
37 - 11.9.3 Operating procedures for emptying of packages
37 - 11.9.4 Leaking packages
37 - 11.9.5 Pressurized packages
38 - SECTION 12 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
38 - 12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
38 - 12.2 INSPECTION
38 - 12.2.1 General plant and equipment
38 - 12.2.2 Instrumentation
38 - 12.2.3 Safety devices
38 - 12.3 MAINTENANCE
39 - APPENDIX A - EXAMPLES OF PFIs
40 - APPENDIX B - EXAMPLE OF FORM FOR VISITORS
40 - B1 SCOPE
40 - B2 FORM
41 - APPENDIX C - MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS PROGRAM
41 - C1 SCOPE
41 - C2 FREQUENCY OF MEDICAL EXAMINATION
41 - C3 INITIAL MEDICAL EXAMINATION
41 - C4 SUBSEQUENT AND PERIODIC EXAMINATIONS
42 - APPENDIX D - EXAMPLE OF MEDICAL FORM
43 - APPENDIX E - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR DISPLAY ON SAFETY INFORMATION BOARDS AND PLACARDS FOR TANKS
43 - E1 SCOPE
43 - E2 SAFETY INFORMATION BOARD AT THE ENTRANCE TO PREMISES
43 - E3 SAFETY INFORMATION BOARD LOCATED IN THE STORAGE TANK AREA
43 - E4 SUPPLEMENTARY MARKING FOR TANK PLACARDS
44 - APPENDIX F - DECONTAMINATION OF PFI
44 - F1 SCOPE
44 - F2 DECONTAMINATION OF SPILLAGES
44 - F3 DECONTAMINANTS FOR PFI
44 - F4 DECONTAMINATION OF A PACKAGE
45 - APPENDIX G - CLASSIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
45 - G1 CLASSIFICATION
45 - G2 PROPERTIES
46 - APPENDIX H - PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT TO BE CARRIED ON ROAD VEHICLES
46 - APPENDIX I - SCRUBBING SOLUTION
47 - APPENDIX J - DEALING WITH PRESSURIZED DRUMS
47 - J1 SCOPE
47 - J2 DETECTION AND INITIAL ACTIONS
47 - J3 PROCEDURE IF DRUM ASSESSED AS BEING DANGEROUS
47 - J4 PROCEDURE IF DRUM IS ASSESSED AS BEING NOT IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS
48 - APPENDIX K - DEALING WITH SOLIDIFIED OR FROZEN PFI IN DRUMS
48 - K1 SCOPE
48 - K2 DETECTION OF SOLIDIFICATION
48 - K3 REMEDIAL ACTION

Provides requirements and recommendations relating to safety in dealing with polyfunctional isocyanates, in bulk and in packages. The Standard covers bulk transfer from ships, but is not applicable to shipboard installations or to plant or equipment in which the substances are actually processed. Examples and typical properties of common polyfunctional isocyanates are provided in appendices.

This Standard sets out the general requirements and recommendations common to the storage, handling and transport of all liquid and liquefied polyfunctional isocyanates, i.e. compounds containing two or more -N=C=O groups in the molecule.It includes safety matters relating to personnel, medical surveillance and emergency procedures. This Standard applies wherever bulk or packaged quantities of polyfunctional isocyanates are transferred, stored, packaged or transported, thereby creating the possibility of risk to life or property and therefore requiring the need for guidance in the form of standardized operational procedures. It has been prepared especially with industrial or commercial scale operations in mind, but its requirements also apply wherever smaller scale operations, such as laboratory functions, are performed.This Standard does not apply to the following:(a) Shipboard installations.(b) Any plant or equipment in which a liquid or liquefied polyfunctional isocyanate is processed, together with any vessels which form an integral part of that processing equipment.NOTE: Appendix A sets out examples of common polyfunctional isocyanates together with various designations that are applied to them.

Amendment 1 to AS 4081-1993 see DR 98568 CP. Under Revision see DR 00261 First published as AS 4081-1993.