1 - AS/NZS 2299.1:1999 OCCUPATIONAL DIVING OPERATIONS - STANDARD OPERATIONAL PRACTICE
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 OBJECTIVE
7 - 1.3 APPLICATION
8 - 1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
9 - 1.5 DEFINITIONS
9 - 1.5.1 Bottom time
9 - 1.5.2 Breathing gas
9 - 1.5.3 Buddy system
9 - 1.5.4 Built-in breathing system (BIBS)
9 - 1.5.5 Caisson gauge
9 - 1.5.6 Combined dive
9 - 1.5.7 Competent person
9 - 1.5.8 Compression (recompression) chamber
9 - 1.5.9 Decompression illness
9 - 1.5.10 Decompression schedule
9 - 1.5.11 Decompression stop
9 - 1.5.12 Demand gas supply device
9 - 1.5.13 Dive control position
9 - 1.5.14 Dive plan
9 - 1.5.15 Diver
9 - 1.5.16 Diver's hose
9 - 1.5.17 Dive supervisor
10 - 1.5.18 Dive team
10 - 1.5.19 Diving work
10 - 1.5.20 Employer
10 - 1.5.21 Exceptional exposure dive
10 - 1.5.22 Float line
10 - 1.5.23 Free-flow system
10 - 1.5.24 Full-face mask
10 - 1.5.25 Half-face mask
10 - 1.5.26 Hookah
10 - 1.5.27 Incompressible helmet
10 - 1.5.28 Lazy shot
10 - 1.5.29 Lifeline
10 - 1.5.30 Limiting line
10 - 1.5.31 NATO flange
11 - 1.5.32 Occupational diving
11 - 1.5.33 Quick release mechanism
11 - 1.5.34 Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA)
11 - 1.5.35 Shot rope
11 - 1.5.36 Surface-supplied breathing apparatus (SSBA)
11 - 1.5.37 Transfer-under-pressure (TUP)
11 - 1.5.38 Twin-hose system
12 - SECTION 2 PERSONNEL, TRAINING AND RECORDS
12 - 2.1 DIVE SUPERVISOR
12 - 2.1.1 General
12 - 2.1.2 Qualification and training of dive supervisors
12 - 2.1.3 Duties of dive supervisors
12 - 2.2 DIVER
12 - 2.3 DIVER'S ATTENDANT
13 - 2.4 STANDBY DIVER
13 - 2.4.1 General
13 - 2.4.2 Two divers in the water
13 - 2.4.3 Dive profile
13 - 2.5 FIRST AID TRAINING FOR DIVE TEAMS
13 - 2.5.1 Dive supervisor
13 - 2.5.2 Divers and attendants
13 - 2.5.3 Maintenance of first aid competency
14 - 2.6 RECORDS
14 - 2.6.1 Diver
14 - 2.6.2 Employer
14 - 2.6.3 Plant records
15 - SECTION 3 GENERAL PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT
15 - 3.1 ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING
15 - 3.1.1 General
15 - 3.1.2 Diving operations manual
15 - 3.1.3 Dive plan
15 - 3.1.4 Fitness to dive
16 - 3.2 SELECTION OF BREATHING APPARATUS
16 - 3.3 SURFACE CONDITIONS
16 - 3.3.1 General
16 - 3.3.2 Adverse conditions
16 - 3.4 IN-WATER CONDITIONS
16 - 3.4.1 General
16 - 3.4.2 Polluted water
16 - 3.5 DEPTH OF WATER
16 - 3.6 COMMUNICATIONS
16 - 3.6.1 General
16 - 3.6.2 Winches, hoists and cranes
16 - 3.6.3 Emergency support
17 - 3.7 WATER TEMPERATURE
17 - 3.8 DIVING EQUIPMENT
17 - 3.8.1 General
17 - 3.8.2 User responsibilities
17 - 3.8.3 Inspection
17 - 3.8.4 Cleaning and storage
17 - 3.9 FIRST AID AND MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
17 - 3.9.1 General
17 - 3.9.2 Oxygen resuscitation equipment
17 - 3.10 DIVE SITE REQUIREMENTS
17 - 3.10.1 General
18 - 3.10.2 Signals
18 - 3.11 DECOMPRESSION DIVING
18 - 3.11.1 General
18 - 3.11.2 Decompression in water
18 - 3.11.3 Use of oxygen in decompression procedures
19 - 3.11.4 Repetitive diving
19 - 3.11.5 Omitted decompression
19 - 3.11.6 Diving at altitude
19 - 3.11.7 Exceptional exposure diving
19 - 3.12 DIVER'S EQUIPMENT
19 - 3.12.1 Diving suit and accessories
20 - 3.12.2 General requirements for breathing apparatus
20 - 3.12.3 Requirements for component parts of breathing apparatus
23 - 3.12.4 Lifeline
24 - 3.13 BREATHING GAS QUALITY
24 - 3.13.1 Breathing air
24 - 3.13.2 Breathing gas testing equipment
24 - 3.13.3 Breathing gases other than air
24 - 3.14 PRESSURE GAUGES
24 - 3.14.1 Gauge calibration
24 - 3.14.2 Gauge accuracy
25 - 3.15 PNEUMATIC TOOLS
25 - 3.16 DIVING BEFORE OR AFTER TRAVEL
25 - 3.16.1 Diving after travel
25 - 3.16.2 Travel after diving
25 - 3.16.3 Travel after decompression illness
26 - SECTION 4 COMPRESSION (RECOMPRESSION) CHAMBERS
26 - 4.1 AVAILABILITY OF COMPRESSION CHAMBER
27 - 4.2 CHAMBER DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, FITTINGS AND SERVICES
27 - 4.2.1 General
28 - 4.2.2 Fittings and services
28 - 4.2.3 Chamber venting system
29 - 4.2.4 Gas supplies to the chamber
29 - 4.2.5 Electrical requirements
30 - 4.2.6 Gas cylinders
30 - 4.2.7 Shading or thermal insulation
30 - 4.2.8 Miscellaneous recommendations
30 - 4.3 CHAMBER OPERATION
30 - 4.3.1 General
30 - 4.3.2 Chamber atmosphere
30 - 4.3.3 Hazardous materials
30 - 4.3.4 Personnel requirements
31 - 4.3.5 Emergency procedures
31 - 4.4 MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
31 - 4.4.1 General
31 - 4.4.2 Thermometers
31 - 4.4.3 Other equipment
31 - 4.4.4 Remote diving operations
32 - 4.5 TRANSFER-UNDER-PRESSURE (TUP)
32 - 4.5.1 General
32 - 4.5.2 Requirements for transportable chambers and TUP operations
32 - 4.5.3 Emergency transport chambers
32 - 4.5.4 TUP flanges for worksite chambers
33 - 4.6 CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR `WORST CASE SCENARIO' CHAMBER OPERATIONS
33 - 4.6.1 General
34 - SECTION 5 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SSBA DIVING OPERATIONS
34 - 5.1 GENERAL
34 - 5.2 PERSONNEL REQUIRED
34 - 5.2.1 General
34 - 5.2.2 Dives in water depths up to 1.5 m or diving in aquarium tanks and swimming pools
34 - 5.2.3 Dive depths up to 20 m
34 - 5.2.4 Dive depths of 20 m to 30 m
34 - 5.2.5 Dive depths greater than 30 m
35 - 5.2.6 Two or more divers in the water
35 - 5.3 RATE OF ASCENT
35 - 5.4 EQUIPMENT
36 - 5.5 SIGNALS
36 - 5.6 COMPRESSED BREATHING GAS SUPPLY
36 - 5.6.1 Sources
36 - 5.6.2 Working pressure
36 - 5.6.3 Breathing gas supplies
37 - 5.6.4 Control system
38 - 5.7 AIR COMPRESSOR SYSTEMS
38 - 5.7.1 General
39 - 5.7.2 Air receivers
39 - 5.7.3 Pressure relief devices
39 - 5.7.4 Filtration, drying and odour absorption
39 - 5.7.5 Supply lines
40 - 5.7.6 Operation and maintenance
40 - 5.8 CYLINDER GAS SYSTEMS
41 - SECTION 6 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SCUBA DIVING OPERATIONS
41 - 6.1 GENERAL
41 - 6.2 RESTRICTED USE OF SCUBA
41 - 6.2.1 General
41 - 6.2.2 Exceptions
42 - 6.3 PERSONNEL REQUIRED
42 - 6.3.1 General
42 - 6.3.2 Dives in water depths up to 1.5 m or diving in aquarium tanks and swimming pools
42 - 6.3.3 Dive depths up to 30 m
42 - 6.4 EQUIPMENT
42 - 6.4.1 Components
43 - 6.4.2 Requirements for component parts
44 - 6.5 LIFELINES
45 - SECTION 7 ACCIDENT REPORTING
45 - 7.1 ACCIDENT REPORT
45 - 7.2 INVESTIGATION OF ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS
46 - SECTION 8 MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS
46 - 8.1 INTRODUCTION
46 - 8.2 MEDICAL EXAMINATION
46 - 8.2.1 General
46 - 8.2.2 Candidate
46 - 8.2.3 Medical practitioner
46 - 8.2.4 Record of examination
46 - 8.2.5 Imposition of diving restrictions
47 - APPENDIX A - LIST OF REGULATORY AUTHORITIES
47 - A1 INTRODUCTION
47 - A2 COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY (AUSTRALIA)
47 - A3 AUSTRALIAN STATE AND TERRITORY GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES
47 - A3.1 Australian Capital Territory
47 - A3.2 New South Wales
47 - A3.3 Northern Territory
48 - A3.4 Queensland
48 - A3.5 South Australia
48 - A3.6 Tasmania
48 - A3.7 Victoria
49 - A3.8 Western Australia
49 - A4 NEW ZEALAND GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY
50 - APPENDIX B - EXAMPLE OF DIVER'S RECORD OF DIVE
51 - APPENDIX C - EXAMPLE OF EMPLOYER'S RECORD OF DIVE
53 - APPENDIX D - HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
53 - D1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
53 - D2 RISK ASSESSMENT
53 - D2.1 General
53 - D2.2 Process
53 - D2.3 Basis for an assessment
53 - D2.4 Factors for consideration
54 - D2.5 Record of assessment
55 - D3 RISK CONTROL
55 - D3.1 General
55 - D3.2 Control measures
56 - APPENDIX E - CONTENTS OF DIVING OPERATIONS MANUAL
56 - E1 GENERAL
56 - E2 RESPONSIBILITIES, DUTIES AND COMPETENCY OF PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE DIVING OPERATION
56 - E3 PLANT USED IN THE DIVING OPERATION
56 - E4 DIVING PROCEDURES
57 - E5 DIVING EMERGENCIES
57 - E6 ASSOCIATED ACTIVITY AND OTHER HAZARDS
58 - APPENDIX F - DECOMPRESSION TABLES FOR DIVING
58 - F1 INTRODUCTION
58 - F2 USE OF TABLES
58 - F2.1 General
59 - F2.2 Definitions
60 - F3 STANDARD AIR DECOMPRESSION (DECOMPRESSION IN THE WATER)
91 - F4 SURFACE DECOMPRESSION WITH OXYGEN (Sur D O2)
91 - F4.1 General
91 - F4.2 Procedure
92 - F4.3 Oxygen related problems during surface decompression with oxygen (Sur D O2) F4.3.1
115 - F5 REPETITIVE DIVING
115 - F5.1 General
115 - F5.2 Table F3(A), Repetitive factors (RF) for surface intervals (SI) for repetitive diving
115 - F5.3 Table F3(B), No-decompression limits for repetitive diving
115 - F5.4 Procedure
124 - F6 OMITTED DECOMPRESSION
124 - F6.1 General
124 - F6.2 Compression chamber immediately available (less than 7 min)
124 - F6.3 Compression chamber not immediately available
125 - F6.4 Violation of 7 minute surface interval-Sur D O2
125 - F6.5 Decompression stress during surface interval-Sur D O2
126 - F6.6 Omitted decompression table
129 - F7 DEPTH CORRECTIONS FOR DIVING AT ALTITUDE
129 - F7.1 General
129 - F7.2 Procedure
134 - APPENDIX G - TREATMENT FOR DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS
134 - G1 INTRODUCTION
134 - G2 DIAGNOSIS
134 - G2.1 Decompression illness
134 - G2.2 Decompression sickness
134 - G2.3 Arterial gas embolism (AGE)
135 - G3 FIRST AID
135 - G3.1 100% oxygen
135 - G3.2 Position
135 - G3.3 Basic life support
136 - G3.4 Other therapy
136 - G4 RECOMPRESSION THERAPY
136 - G5 OXYGEN TREATMENT TABLE
136 - G5.1 General
136 - G5.2 Use of Table G1
137 - G5.3 Oxygen administration routine practices
138 - G5.4 Fire warning
138 - G6 PERSONNEL LIMITATIONS FOLLOWING TREATMENT
138 - G7 SHORT OXYGEN TABLES FOR OMITTED DECOMPRESSION
139 - APPENDIX H - TYPICAL COMPRESSION CHAMBER MEDICAL KIT
141 - APPENDIX I - FEMALE NATO N1079 FLANGE
143 - APPENDIX J - HAND SIGNALS FOR SCUBA DIVING OPERATIONS
145 - APPENDIX K - GUIDANCE FOR MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS
145 - K1 INTRODUCTION
145 - K2 GENERAL
145 - K3 TRAINING IN UNDERWATER MEDICINE
145 - K4 FITNESS CRITERIA
145 - K4.1 General
145 - K4.2 Age
146 - K4.3 Obesity
146 - K4.4 Skin
146 - K4.5 Vision
146 - K4.6 Ear, nose and throat
146 - K4.7 Hearing
146 - K4.8 Teeth
146 - K4.9 Central nervous system
147 - K4.10 Cardiovascular system
148 - K4.11 Respiratory system
148 - K4.12 Gastrointestinal tract
148 - K4.13 Musculoskeletal function
149 - K4.14 Screening for dysbaric osteonecrosis (long bone X-rays and radioisotope scans)
149 - K4.15 Other criteria
150 - APPENDIX L - DIVING MEDICAL EXAMINATION FORMS
156 - APPENDIX M - MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS WITH TRAINING IN DIVING MEDICINE
156 - M1 GENERAL
156 - M2 AUSTRALIAN HYPERBARIC UNITS
157 - M3 NEW ZEALAND HYPERBARIC UNITS