1 - AS/NZS 5033:2005 INSTALLATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) ARRAYS
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 OBJECTIVE
7 - 1.3 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
9 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
9 - 1.4.1 Accessible, readily
9 - 1.4.2 Active (or active conductor)
9 - 1.4.3 Available, readily
9 - 1.4.4 Bypass diode
9 - 1.4.5 Cable
9 - 1.4.6 Cable, armoured
9 - 1.4.7 Cable core
9 - 1.4.8 Class II equipment
10 - 1.4.9 Insulation monitor
10 - 1.4.10 Installation earth
10 - 1.4.11 ISC ARRAY
10 - 1.4.12 ISC MOD
10 - 1.4.13 I MOD REVERSE
10 - 1.4.14 ISC S-ARRAY
10 - 1.4.15 Junction box
10 - 1.4.16 Live part
10 - 1.4.17 PARRAY
11 - 1.4.18 PELV (protected extra-low voltage)
11 - 1.4.19 Power conditioning unit (PCU)
11 - 1.4.20 Power conditioning unit (PCU), isolated
11 - 1.4.21 Power conditioning unit (PCU), non-isolated
11 - 1.4.22 PV array
11 - 1.4.23 PV array cable
11 - 1.4.24 PV array, earthed
11 - 1.4.25 PV array, floating
11 - 1.4.26 PV array, isolated
12 - 1.4.27 PV array junction box
12 - 1.4.28 PV array voltage
12 - 1.4.29 PV cell
12 - 1.4.30 PV module
12 - 1.4.31 PV module junction box
12 - 1.4.32 PV string
12 - 1.4.33 PV string cable
12 - 1.4.34 PV sub-array
12 - 1.4.35 PV sub-array cable
12 - 1.4.36 PV sub-array junction box
13 - 1.4.37 Ripple-free d.c.
13 - 1.4.38 SELV (separated extra-low voltage)
13 - 1.4.39 Shall
13 - 1.4.40 Should
13 - 1.4.41 STC (standard test conditions)
13 - 1.4.42 VOC ARRAY
13 - 1.4.43 VOC MOD
13 - 1.4.44 Voltage
16 - SECTION 2 PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
16 - 2.1 GENERAL
16 - 2.2 BYPASS DIODES
16 - 2.3 BLOCKING DIODES
16 - 2.4 FAULT CURRENT PROTECTION
16 - 2.4.1 Number of parallel strings without overcurrent protection
16 - 2.4.2 Discrimination
17 - 2.4.3 PV strings
17 - 2.4.4 PV sub-arrays (subdivided PV arrays only)
17 - 2.4.5 PV array cables
18 - 2.4.6 Location of fault current protection devices
18 - 2.5 DISCONNECTING MEANS
18 - 2.5.1 General
18 - 2.5.2 Selection and installation
18 - 2.5.3 Disconnection device requirements
19 - 2.5.4 Extra-low voltage segmentation
19 - 2.6 EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
19 - 2.6.1 General
21 - 2.6.2 Earth fault protection settings
21 - 2.7 ALARMS
21 - 2.7.1 Visual alarms
21 - 2.7.2 Audible alarms
21 - 2.8 LIGHTNING AND OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
21 - 2.8.1 Lightning protection
21 - 2.8.2 Overvoltage protection
22 - SECTION 3 WIRING REQUIREMENTS
22 - 3.1 COMPLIANCE WITH AS/NZS 3000
22 - 3.2 SYSTEM VOLTAGE
22 - 3.3 INSTALLATION WIRING
22 - 3.3.1 General
22 - 3.3.2 Wiring loops
23 - 3.3.3 String wiring
23 - 3.3.4 Wiring installation in junction boxes
23 - 3.3.5 Location of PV array and PV sub-array junction boxes
23 - 3.4 CABLE SELECTION
23 - 3.4.1 Cable size
23 - 3.4.2 Insulation
24 - 3.5 WIRING IDENTIFICATION
25 - SECTION 4 COMPONENT REQUIREMENTS
25 - 4.1 PV MODULES
25 - 4.1.1 Reliability
25 - 4.1.2 Equipment class
25 - 4.2 PV ARRAY AND PV SUB-ARRAY JUNCTION BOXES
25 - 4.2.1 Environmental effects
25 - 4.3 SWITCHING DEVICES
25 - 4.3.1 General
25 - 4.3.2 Non-load-breaking switches
25 - 4.3.3 Current breaking devices
26 - 4.4 PLUGS, SOCKET-OUTLETS AND COUPLERS
26 - 4.5 FUSES
26 - 4.5.1 Ratings
26 - 4.5.2 Fuse holders
27 - SECTION 5 EARTHING
27 - 5.1 GENERAL
27 - 5.1.1 General
27 - 5.1.2 Point of connection of PV system earth
27 - 5.1.3 PV system earthing cable
27 - 5.1.4 Bonding conductors
27 - 5.2 PV ARRAY SYSTEM EARTHING
31 - 5.3 EARTHING OF EXPOSED CONDUCTIVE PARTS AND EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING (SYSTEM BONDING)
31 - 5.4 EQUIPMENT EARTHING
33 - SECTION 6 MARKING AND SIGNS
33 - 6.1 GENERAL
33 - 6.2 PV ARRAY AND PV SUB-ARRAY JUNCTION BOXES
33 - 6.3 DISCONNECTION DEVICES
33 - 6.3.1 General
33 - 6.3.2 PV array main switch
33 - 6.4 FIRE EMERGENCY INFORMATION
34 - SECTION 7 DOCUMENTATION
34 - 7.1 DESIGN INFORMATION
34 - 7.2 COMMISSIONING INFORMATION
35 - SECTION 8 COMMISSIONING TESTS
35 - 8.1 GENERAL
35 - 8.2 OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE
35 - 8.2.1 General
35 - 8.2.2 Procedure
35 - 8.3 SOLAR ISOLATION DEVICE TEST
36 - SECTION 9 CASE STUDIES
36 - 9.1 GENERAL
36 - 9.2 EXAMPLES
37 - APPENDIX A - CHARACTERISTICS OF PV ARRAYS AND SYSTEMS
37 - A1 PV ARRAYS
37 - A1.1 d.c. vs. a.c. behaviour
37 - A1.2 Series parallel configuration
37 - A1.3 Low fault levels
37 - A2 FAULT CURRENT PROTECTION
37 - A2.1 General
37 - A2.2 Fault current protection rating
38 - A2.3 Number of strings
38 - A2.4 Battery storage
38 - A2.5 Diodes
38 - A2.6 Operating temperature
38 - A3 PV SYSTEMS
38 - A3.1 Stand°alone photovoltaic (PV) systems with battery storage
39 - A3.2 Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems
39 - A3.3 Solar water pumping system
40 - APPENDIX B - MECHANICAL SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
40 - B1 GENERAL
40 - B2 THERMAL ASPECTS
40 - B3 MECHANICAL LOADS ON PV STRUCTURES
41 - APPENDIX C - FAULT CURRENT ANALYSIS
41 - C1 GENERAL
41 - C2 FLOATING PV ARRAYS
44 - C3 EARTHED PV ARRAYS
45 - APPENDIX D - EARTHING ISSUES
45 - D1 BACKGROUND
45 - D1.1 Types of earthing
45 - D1.2 Purpose of earthing
45 - D1.3 General earthing considerations in a PV system
45 - D2 EARTHING OF EQUIPMENT CONDUCTIVE PARTS
46 - D3 EARTHING OF THE PV ARRAY (SYSTEM EARTH)
46 - D3.1 Options of PV array earthing
46 - D3.2 Typical earthing arrangements for PV arrays
48 - D4 COMPARISON BETWEEN EARTHING SCHEMES
48 - D4.1 Earth fault behaviour
49 - D4.2 Electric shock hazard
49 - D4.3 Fire hazard
50 - D5 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
50 - D5.1 Battery systems
50 - D5.2 Non-isolated inverter systems for PV arrays
50 - D6 REFERENCES
51 - APPENDIX E - SUGGESTED METHODS OF DETECTION AND AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION FOR EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
51 - E1 FLOATING SYSTEMS
51 - E2 EARTHED SYSTEMS CONNECTED TO THE LOAD VIA AN ISOLATED POWER CONDITIONING SYSTEM
51 - E3 GRID CONNECTED SYSTEMS CONNECTED TO THE LOAD VIA A NON-ISOLATED POWER CONDITIONING SYSTEM
52 - APPENDIX F - LIGHTNING/OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
52 - F1 LIGHTNING PROTECTION
52 - F2 OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
52 - F2.1 Equipotential bonding
53 - F2.2 Wiring loops
53 - F2.3 Surge arresters
54 - F2.4 Shielding
55 - APPENDIX G - EXAMPLES OF SIGNS
57 - APPENDIX H - MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
57 - H1 SAFETY
57 - H2 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
59 - H3 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
60 - APPENDIX I - ADDITIONAL COMMISSIONING TESTS
60 - I1 GENERAL
60 - I2 OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS
60 - I2.1 General
60 - I2.2 Procedure
60 - I2.3 PV Arrays and sub-arrays measurement
60 - I2.4 Records
61 - I3 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT
61 - I3.1 General
61 - I3.2 Procedure
61 - I3.3 Records
61 - I4 INFRARED SCAN
62 - I5 PV ARRAY TRACKER OPERATION TEST (IF RELEVANT)
62 - I6 PV ARRAY I-V CURVE
62 - I7 EARTH FAULT PROTECTION TEST (IF RELEVANT)
62 - I7.1 General
62 - I7.2 Measurements
62 - I7.3 Procedure
63 - APPENDIX J - CASE STUDIES DIAGRAMS
63 - J1 GENERAL
63 - J2 NOTES ON CASE STUDIES