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ASTM D 2036 : 2009

Superseded
Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by
superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

Standard Test Methods for Cyanides in Water
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

11-11-2014

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-10-2009

CONTAINED IN VOL. 11.02, 2018 Describes determination of cyanides in water.

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of cyanides in water. The following test methods are included:

Sections
Test Method ATotal Cyanides after Distillation12 to 18
Test Method BCyanides Amenable to Chlorination by Difference19 to 25
Test Method CWeak Acid Dissociable Cyanides26 to 32
Test Method DCyanides Amenable to Chlorination without Distillation (Short-Cut Method)33 to 39

1.2 Cyanogen halides may be determined separately.

Note 1—Cyanogen chloride is the most common of the cyanogen halide complexes as it is a reaction product and is usually present when chlorinating cyanide-containing industrial waste water. For the presence or absence of CNCl, the spot test method given in Annex A1 can be used.

1.3 These test methods do not distinguish between cyanide ions and metallocyanide compounds and complexes. Furthermore, they do not detect the cyanates. Cyanates can be determined using ion chromatography without digestion.

Note 2—The cyanate complexes are decomposed when the sample is acidified in the distillation procedure.

1.4 The cyanide in cyanocomplexes of gold, platinum, cobalt and some other transition metals is not completely recovered by these test methods. Refer to Test Method D6994 for the determination of cyanometal complexes.

1.5 Cyanide from only a few organic cyanides are recovered, and those only to a minor extent.

1.6 Part or all of these test methods have been used successfully with reagent water and various waste waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in sections 5.1, 8.8, 8.18, 9, 11.3, and 16.1.9.

12.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanides in water, including the iron cyanide complexes (total cyanide).

12.2 The cyanide in some cyano complexes of transition metals, for example, cobalt, gold, platinum, etc., is not determined.

12.3 The cyanide concentration can be determined with titration, IC-PAD, colorimetric, selective ion electrode procedure, or flow injection analysis with gas diffusion separation and amperometric detection as described in Test Method D6888.

12.4 This test method has been used successfully on reagent and surface water and coke plant, refinery, and sanitary waste waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

12.5 Because of the sample preservation, certain suspended and/or colloidal forms of metal cyanide complexes such as those from iron and copper will dissolve prior to the distillation step. The recovery of this cyanide may depend on solution parameters such as the cyanide concentration in suspended solids, ionic strength of the sample, sample temperature, acid digestion times, and so forth.

19.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanides amenable to chlorination in water.

19.2 Iron cyanides are the most commonly encountered compounds not amenable to chlorination.

19.3 This test method has been used on reagent, surface, and industrial waste waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

26.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanide compounds and weak acid dissociable complexes in water.

26.2 The thiocyanate content of a sample usually does not cause interference.

26.3 Any of the three procedures, titration, colorimetric, or selective ion electrode, can be used to determine the cyanide content of the absorption solution. The lower limits of detectability are the same as for Test Method A.

26.4 This test method has been used successfully on reagent and surface water and coke plant, refinery and sanitary waste waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

33.1 This test method covers the determination of free CN and CN complexes that are amenable to chlorination in water. The procedure does not measure cyanates nor iron cyanide complexes. It does, however, determine cyanogen chloride and thiocyanate.

33.2 Modification is outlined for its use in the presence of thiocyanate.

Committee
D 19
DocumentType
Test Method
Pages
20
ProductNote
Reconfirmed 2009
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

ASTM D 7365 : 2009 : REV A : R2015 Standard Practice for Sampling, Preservation and Mitigating Interferences in Water Samples for Analysis of Cyanide
ASTM D 4165 : 2006 : R2012 Standard Test Method for Cyanogen Chloride in Water
ASTM D 7511 : 2012 : R2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Total Cyanide by Segmented Flow Injection Analysis, In-Line Ultraviolet Digestion and Amperometric Detection
ASTM D 7237 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Free Cyanide and Aquatic Free Cyanide with Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection
ASTM D 7284 : 2013 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Total Cyanide in Water by Micro Distillation followed by Flow Injection Analysis with Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection
ASTM E 800 : 2014 Standard Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
ASTM D 3694 : 1996 : R2017 Standard Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and for Preservation of Organic Constituents
ASTM D 7572 : 2015 Standard Guide for Recovery of Aqueous Cyanides by Extraction from Mine Rock and Soil
ASTM D 6888 : 2016 Standard Test Method for Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection
ASTM D 4193 : 2008 : R2013 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Thiocyanate in Water

ASTM D 1129 : 2013 : REDLINE Standard Terminology Relating to Water
ASTM D 2777 : 2013 : REDLINE Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
ASTM D 6696 : 2016 : REDLINE Standard Guide for Understanding Cyanide Species
ASTM D 6994 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Test Method for Determination of Metal Cyanide Complexes in Wastewater, Surface Water, Groundwater and Drinking Water Using Anion Exchange Chromatography with UV Detection
ASTM E 275 : 2008 Describing and Measuring Performance of Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
ASTM D 6888 : 2016 : REDLINE Standard Test Method for Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation and Amperometric Detection

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