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ASTM D 6286 : 2012

Superseded
Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by
superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

Standard Guide for Selection of Drilling Methods for Environmental Site Characterization
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

21-08-2020

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-09-2012

1.1This guide provides descriptions of various drilling methods for environmental site characterization along with advantages and disadvantages associated with each method discussed. A comprehensive description of these drilling methods can be found in individual ASTM standards, see Section 2. This guide is intended to aid in the selection of drilling method(s) for environmental soil and rock borings and the installation of monitoring wells and other water-quality monitoring devices.

1.2This guide does not address methods of well construction, well development, or well completion. These topics are covered in other ASTM documents, see Section 2.

1.3This guide cannot address all possible subsurface conditions that may occur such as, geologic, topographic, climatic, or anthropogenic. Site evaluation for engineering, design, and construction purposes is addressed in Guide D420.

1.4The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Because dimensions of materials used in the drilling industry are given in inch-pound units by convention, rationalized inch-pound units also are used in this guide. Each system of units is to be regarded separately as standard.

1.5This guide does not specifically address methods of lithologic sample collection, such as coring, that may require the use of a specific drilling method. Other ASTM guides should be consulted for sampling methods (see Guide D6169) and equipment necessary for specific projects.

1.6This guide does not purport to comprehensively address all of the methods and the issues associated with drilling for environmental purposes. Users should seek qualified professionals for decisions as to the proper equipment and methods that would be most successful for their site investigation. Other methods may be available for drilling and qualified professionals should have flexibility to exercise judgment as to possible alternatives not covered in this guide. The guide is current at the time of issue, but new alternative methods may become available prior to revisions; therefore, users should consult with manufacturers or producers prior to specifying program requirements.

1.7Pertinent guides addressing specific drilling methods, equipment and procedures are listed in 2.1. A comprehensive list of guides, methods, practices, and terminology for drilling is contained in Guide D5730. Other documents covering procedures for environmental site investigations with specific objectives or in particular geographic settings may be available from federal, state, and other agencies or organizations. The appropriate agency or organization should be contacted to determine the availability and most current edition of such documents.

1.8This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.9This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education and experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.

Committee
D 18
DocumentType
Guide
Pages
17
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

ASTM D 7262 : 2010 : R2016 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Estimating the Permanganate Natural Oxidant Demand of Soil and Aquifer Solids
ASTM D 6232 : 2016 Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
ASTM D 5299/D5299M : 2018 Standard Guide for Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for Environmental Activities
ASTM D 1587/D1587M : 2015 Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes (Withdrawn 2024)
ASTM D 4700 : 2015 Standard Guide for Soil Sampling from the Vadose Zone (Withdrawn 2024)
ASTM D 6914/D6914M : 2016 Standard Practice for Sonic Drilling for Site Characterization and the Installation of Subsurface Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 6151/D6151M : 2015 Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling (Withdrawn 2024)
ASTM D 6725/D6725M : 2016 Standard Practice for Direct Push Installation of Prepacked Screen Monitoring Wells in Unconsolidated Aquifers
ASTM D 6519 : 2015 Standard Practice for Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated Stationary Piston Sampler
ASTM D 6282/D6282M : 2014 Standard Guide for Direct Push Soil Sampling for Environmental Site Characterizations (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM D 5092/D5092M : 2016 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
ASTM D 420 : 2018 Standard Guide for Site Characterization for Engineering Design and Construction Purposes
ASTM D 7100 : 2011 Standard Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity Compatibility Testing of Soils with Aqueous Solutions
ASTM D 3550/D3550M : 2017 Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 6724/D6724M : 2016 Standard Guide for Installation of Direct Push Groundwater Monitoring Wells
ASTM D 6907 : 2005 : R2016 Standard Practice for Sampling Soils and Contaminated Media with Hand-Operated Bucket Augers
ASTM D 1586/D1586M : 2018 Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 6640 : 2001 : R2015 Standard Practice for Collection and Handling of Soils Obtained in Core Barrel Samplers for Environmental Investigations

ASTM D 5092 : 2004 : R2010 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
ASTM D 5783 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5784 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 3550 : 1984 : R1995 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 1586 : 2008 : REV A Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 5782 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5730 : 2002 Standard Guide for Site Characterization for Environmental Purposes With Emphasis on Soil, Rock, the Vadose Zone and Ground Water
ASTM D 5092 : 2002 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers
ASTM D 1586 : 1999 Standard Test Method for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 5876 : 1995 : R2005 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 1586 : 2008 Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 5782 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 6151 : 2008 Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling
ASTM D 5730 : 1998 Standard Guide for Site Characterization for Environmental Purposes With Emphasis on Soil, Rock, the Vadose Zone and Ground Water
ASTM D 6001 : 1996 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Direct-Push Water Sampling for Geoenvironmental Investigations
ASTM D 2488 : 1969 : R1975 Recommended Practice for Description Of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 2113 : 2014 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Exploration (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM D 5783 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 1587 : 2008 : R2012 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes
ASTM D 6429 : 1999 : R2011 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Selecting Surface Geophysical Methods (Withdrawn 2020)
ASTM D 5876 : 1995 : R2012 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5781 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Dual-Wall Reverse-Circulation Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 6001 : 1996 : R2002 Standard Guide for Direct-Push Water Sampling for Geoenvironmental Investigations
ASTM D 2488 : 2017 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures)
ASTM D 6169 : 1998 Standard Guide for Selection of Soil and Rock Sampling Devices Used With Drill Rigs for Environmental Investigations
ASTM D 6429 : 1999 Standard Guide for Selecting Surface Geophysical Methods
ASTM D 1586 : 2011 Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 5092 : 2004 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers
ASTM D 5783 : 1995 : R2012 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5753 : 2005 Standard Guide for Planning and Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging
ASTM D 5784 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 1587 : 2008 Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes
ASTM D 5782 : 2018 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 6429 : 1999 : R2006 Standard Guide for Selecting Surface Geophysical Methods
ASTM D 5092 : 2004 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells
ASTM D 6910 : 2004 Standard Test Method for Marsh Funnel Viscosity of Clay Construction Slurries
ASTM D 6151 : 1997 Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling
ASTM D 5876 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 2488 : 2009 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 5875 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Cable-Tool Drilling and Sampling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5872 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 3550 : 2001 : R2007 Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils (Withdrawn 2016)
ASTM D 2488 : 2000 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 2113 : 2006 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation
ASTM D 2113 : 2008 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation
ASTM D 5092 : 1990 : R1995 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers
ASTM D 2113 : 1999 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation
ASTM D 5753 : 2005 : R2010 Standard Guide for Planning and Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging
ASTM D 5783 : 2018 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5782 : 1995 : R2012 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 6001 : 2005 : R2012 Standard Guide for Direct-Push Groundwater Sampling for Environmental Site Characterization
ASTM D 5753 : 2018 Standard Guide for Planning and Conducting Geotechnical Borehole Geophysical Logging
ASTM D 6001 : 2005 Standard Guide for Direct-Push Groundwater Sampling for Environmental Site Characterization
ASTM D 5781 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Dual-Wall Reverse-Circulation Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 5730 : 2004 Standard Guide for Site Characterization for Environmental Purposes With Emphasis on Soil, Rock, the Vadose Zone and Groundwater (Withdrawn 2013)
ASTM D 1587 : 2000 Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes
ASTM D 5872 : 1995 : R2006 Standard Guide for Use of Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
ASTM D 2488 : 2009 : REV A Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 2488 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures)
ASTM D 2488 : 2006 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 5753 : 1995 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Planning and Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging (Withdrawn 2005)
ASTM D 3550 : 2001 Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
ASTM D 5875 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Guide for Use of Cable-Tool Drilling and Sampling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices

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