BS 8002:1994

Foreword
Section 1 - Introduction
1.1 Scope
1.2 References
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Major symbols
1.5 Selection and types of structure
     1.5.1 General
     1.5.2 Selection of type
Section 2 - Data for design
2.1 Site and geotechnical data
     2.1.1 General
     2.1.2 Site investigations
     2.1.3 Ground water
     2.1.4 Floor tides and waves
     2.1.5 Climate
     2.1.6 Trees
2.2 Soil properties
     2.2.1 General
     2.2.2 Selection and evaluation of soil parameter
            values
     2.2.3 Clay soils
     2.2.4 Cohesionless soils
     2.2.5 Silts
     2.2.6 Rock
     2.2.7 Fill
     2.2.8 Wall friction, base friction and undrained wall
            adhesion
2.3 Externally applied loads
Section 3 - Design philosophy, design method and earth
            pressures
3.1 Design philosophy
     3.1.1 General
     3.1.2 Limit state design
     3.1.3 Ultimate limit states
     3.1.4 Serviceability limit states
     3.1.5 Limit states and compatibility of deformations
     3.1.6 Design values of parameters
     3.1.7 Applied loads
     3.1.8 Design soil strength
     3.1.9 Design earth pressures
3.2 Design method
     3.2.1 Equilibrium calculations
     3.2.2 Design situations
     3.2.3 Calculations based on total and effective
            stress parameters
     3.2.4 Design using total stress parameters
     3.2.5 Design using effective stress parameters
     3.2.6 Design values of wall friction, base friction
            and undrained wall adhesion
     3.2.7 Design to structural codes
3.3 Disturbing forces
     3.3.1 General
     3.3.2 At-rest earth pressures
     3.3.3 Active earth pressures
     3.3.4 Surcharge loads
     3.3.5 Water pressure
3.4 Resistance to movement
     3.4.1 General
     3.4.2 Passive earth resistance
     3.4.3 Weak rocks
     3.4.4 Layered soils
     3.4.5 Water pressures and seepage forces
Section 4 - Design of specific earth retaining structures
4.1 Interrelation of section 3 and section 4
     4.1.1 General
     4.1.2 Design
4.2 Gravity walls
     4.2.1 General
     4.2.2 Foundations
     4.2.3 Mass concrete retaining walls
     4.2.4 Unreinforced masonry retaining walls
     4.2.5 Reinforced soil
     4.2.6 Gabions
     4.2.7 Cribwork
4.3 Reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry walls
     on spread foundations
     4.3.1 Reinforced concrete walls (other than basement
            walls)
     4.3.2 Basement walls, excavation, support and
            retention systems
     4.3.3 Reinforced and prestressed masonry retaining
            walls
4.4 Embedded walls
     4.4.1 General
     4.4.2 Types of wall and applicability
     4.4.3 Design
     4.4.4 Steel sheet piling
     4.4.5 Timber sheet piles
     4.4.6 Reinforced and prestressed concrete sheet piles
     4.4.7 In situ concrete pile walls
     4.4.8 Diaphragm walls
     4.4.9 Soldier/king piles
4.5 Strutted excavations and cofferdams
     4.5.1 General
     4.5.2 Struts, ties, walings and anchorages
     4.5.3 Cellular cofferdams
4.6 Anchorages
     4.6.1 General
     4.6.2 Equilibrium
     4.6.3 Ground anchorages
     4.6.4 Tension piles
     4.6.5 Deadman anchorages
4.7 Waterfront structures
     4.7.1 General
     4.7.2 Concrete and reinforcement
     4.7.3 Design
     4.7.4 Construction
Annex A (normative) Graphs for K[a] and K[p]
Annex B (informative) Traditional design methods for
        embedded walls
Annex C (informative) Bibliography
Index
Figures
Tables

Deals with the design and construction of structures to retain soils and materials with similar engineering properties, at slopes steeper than those which they would naturally assume. Mainly applies to small and medium walls with a retained height of up to about 8 metres. Coverage includes ground water, trees, soil properties, clay soils, rock, design soil strength, design earth pressures, water pressure, passive earth resistance, gravity walls, steel sheet piling, cellular cofferdams, tension piles, and mass concrete retaining walls. Also gives definitions, tables, diagrams and annexes.