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BS ISO 18406:2017

Current
Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Underwater acoustics. Measurement of radiated underwater sound from percussive pile driving
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Language(s)

English

Published date

14-06-2017

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Instrumentation
5 Deployment for measurement
6 Acoustic measurement configuration
7 Measurement uncertainty
8 Reporting of results
Annex A (informative) - Consideration of source
        output metrics
Annex B (informative) - Guidance on the use of
        hydrophones
Bibliography

Specifies the methodologies, procedures, and measurement systems to be used for the measurement of the radiated underwater acoustic sound generated during pile driving using percussive blows with a hammer.

This document describes the methodologies, procedures, and measurement systems to be used for the measurement of the radiated underwater acoustic sound generated during pile driving using percussive blows with a hammer.

A major motivation for undertaking measurements of the sound radiated during percussive pile driving is as part of an assessment of impact on aquatic fauna required by regulatory frameworks. This document describes a generic approach to measurements that can be applied to different regulatory requirements.

This document is suitable for measurement of percussive pile driving undertaken for offshore installation of foundations (monopiles, jackets, tripods, etc.) used in construction of offshore wind farms, oil and gas platforms, and other inshore structures such as bridge foundations and aquatic renewable energy devices. This document does not cover measurement of the sound radiated by vibro-piling or sheet piling. This document does not cover piling in water of depth less than 4m or greater than 100m.

The procedures described herein provide guidance on making measurements to satisfy the following objectives:

  • to monitor source output during piling, for example, for regulatory purposes;

  • to provide consistency in comparison of piling noise from different construction projects;

  • for validation of modelling or predictions.

This document covers only the measurement of the sound field radiated during percussive pile driving. The scope of this document does not include the assessment of exposure metrics, or the use of exposure criteria. No attempt is made to prescribe a methodology for generating maps of the acoustic field in the vicinity of the source.

In the normative part of this document, requirements and procedures are described for measurement of the sound field at specific ranges from the pile being driven. In this part of the document, no procedure is provided for determination of an acoustic output metric that is independent of the propagation path between source and receiver (such as a source level). Ideally, such a metric would have some predictive utility (for example, in calculating noise impact zones and noise maps). However, some information on the determination of a possible acoustic output metric is provided in Annex A.

This document covers only the measurement of sound pressure in the water column. The scope does not include measurement of sound particle velocity in the water column due to the propagating sound wave, or seabed vibration caused by waves propagating across the sea-floor. This exclusion does not imply that such measures are unimportant; indeed, their importance in assessing the impact on aquatic life is recognized. However, at the time of drafting, measurement of these quantities is not yet mature enough for standardization.

Committee
EH/1/7
DevelopmentNote
Supersedes 15/30275154 DC. (06/2017)
DocumentType
Standard
Pages
42
PublisherName
British Standards Institution
Status
Current
Supersedes

Standards Relationship
ISO 18406:2017 Identical

IEC 62127-1:2007+AMD1:2013 CSV Ultrasonics - Hydrophones - Part 1: Measurement and characterizationof medical ultrasonic fields up to 40 MHz
IEC 60565:2006 Underwater acoustics - Hydrophones - Calibration in the frequency range 0,01 Hz to 1 MHz
ISO 18405:2017 Underwater acoustics — Terminology
IEC 60500:2017 Underwater acoustics - Hydrophones - Properties of hydrophones in the frequency range 1 Hz to 500 kHz
ISO 17208-1:2016 Underwater acoustics Quantities and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships Part 1: Requirements for precision measurements in deep water used for comparison purposes
ANSI/ASA S1.20 : 2012 American National Standard Procedures for Calibration of Underwater Electroacoustic Transducers
IEC 61260-1:2014 Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters - Part 1: Specifications
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)

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