FOREWORD
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5 Procedures for calibrations
   5.1 Principles
   5.2 Field limitations
   5.3 Schematic survey of procedures
   5.4 Reporting of results
   5.5 Recalibration periods
   5.6 Temperature and pressure considerations for calibration
6 Preparation of transducers
   6.1 Wetting
   6.2 Hydrophone support
   6.3 Influence of cable
7 Electrical measurements
   7.1 Signal type
   7.2 Earthing
   7.3 Measurement of hydrophone output voltage
   7.4 Measurement of projector current
   7.5 Measurement of transfer impedance
8 Free-field reciprocity calibration
   8.1 General principle
   8.2 Theory
   8.3 Separation distance
   8.4 Minimum distance from transducers to boundary surface
   8.5 Frequency limitation
   8.6 Measurements and checks
   8.7 Uncertainty
9 Free-field calibration by comparison
   9.1 Principle
   9.2 Comparison with a standard hydrophone
   9.3 Calibration with a calibrated projector
10 Calibration by hydrostatic excitation
   10.1 Principle
   10.2 Determination of equivalent pressure
   10.3 Measurement of the sensitivity of hydrophones
   10.4 Design of vibration system
   10.5 Uncertainty
   10.6 Alternative method for hydrostatic excitation
11 Calibration by piezoelectric compensation
   11.1 Principle
   11.2 Procedure
   11.3 Design of the calibration chamber
   11.4 Practical limitations of the piezoelectric compensation
        method
   11.5 Uncertainty
12 Acoustic coupler reciprocity calibration
   12.1 Principle
   12.2 Procedure
   12.3 Theory
   12.4 Acoustic compliance
   12.5 High-frequency limit
   12.6 Low-frequency limit
   12.7 Measurement
   12.8 Uncertainty
   12.9 Limitations
   12.10 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference coupler
         with two reciprocal transducers and an auxiliary coupler
         with the same two transducers and a hydrophone to be
         calibrated
   12.11 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a reference coupler
         with two reciprocal transducers and an auxiliary coupler
         with the same two transducers, a hydrophone to be
         calibrated, and a sound source
   12.12 Acoustic-coupler calibration using a coupler, a reciprocal
         transducer, a projector, a hydrophone to be calibrated,
         and a subsidiary body of known compliance
13 Calibration with a pistonphone
   13.1 Principle
   13.2 Procedure
   13.3 Limitations
   13.4 Uncertainty
14 Calibration with a vibrating column
   14.1 Principle
   14.2 Procedure
   14.3 Expression for the pressure
   14.4 Determination of the sensitivity
   14.5 Conditions of measurement
   14.6 Uncertainty
Annex A (informative) Directional response of a hydrophone
Annex B (informative) Electrical loading corrections
Annex C (informative) Pulsed techniques in free-field calibrations
Annex D (informative) Assessment of uncertainty in the calibration
                      of hydrophones
Annex E (informative) Equivalent circuit of the excitation system
                      for calibration with a vibrating column
Bibliography
Figures