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IEC TR 60943:1998+AMD1:2008 CSV

Current
Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Guidance concerning the permissible temperature rise for parts of electrical equipment, in particular for terminals
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF , PDF 3 Users , PDF 5 Users , PDF 9 Users

Language(s)

English - French

Published date

24-03-2009

FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
Section 1: General
1 General
  1.1 Scope and object
  1.2 Reference documents
  1.3 Definitions
  1.4 Symbols
Section 2: Theory
2 General considerations concerning the nature of
  electric contact and the calculation and
  measurement of the ohmic resistance of contacts
  2.1 Electric contacts and connection terminals
  2.2 Nature of electric contact
  2.3 Calculation of contact resistance
3 Ageing mechanisms of contacts and connection terminals
  3.1 General
  3.2 Contacts of dissimilar metals
  3.3 Oxidation ageing mechanisms
  3.4 Results concerning ageing of copper contacts
  3.5 Usage and precautions to be taken in the use of
      contact materials
4 Calculation of temperature rise of conductors, contacts
  and connection terminals
  4.1 Symbolic representations
  4.2 Temperature rise deltaT[s] of a conductor with respect
      to the temperature T[e] of the surrounding medium
  4.3 Temperature rise deltaT[o] o in the vicinity of the
      contact: temperature rise of connection terminals
  4.4 Temperature rise of the elementary contact points
Section 3: Application
5 Permissible temperature and temperature rise values
  5.1 Ambient air temperature theta[a]
  5.2 Temperature and temperature rise of various
      equipment components
  5.3 Temperature and temperature rise of conductors
      connecting electrical equipment
  5.4 Temperature and temperature rise of connection
      terminals for electrical equipment - Influence
      on connected conductors
6 General procedure to be followed for determining
  permissible temperature and temperature rise
  6.1 Basic parameters
  6.2 Method to be followed for determining maximum
      permissible temperature and temperature rise
Annex A - Numerical examples of the application of the
          theory and other data
Annex B - Physical characteristics of selected metals
          and alloys
Annex C - Physical characteristics of fluid dielectrics
Annex D - Information on the reaction of contact metals
          with substances in the atmosphere
Annex E - Temperature rise of a conductor cooled by
          radiation and convection in the vicinity
          of a terminal
Annex F - List of symbols used in this report
Annex G - Bibliography

IEC/TR 60943:1998+A1:2009 is intended for guidance in estimating the permissible values for temperature and temperature rise of component parts of electrical equipment carrying current under steady state conditions. The present report is intended to supply:
- general data on the structure of electric contacts and the calculation of their ohmic resistance;
- the basic ageing mechanisms of contacts;
- the calculation of the temperature rise of contacts and connection terminals;
- the maximum "permissible" temperature and temperature rise for various components, in particular the contacts, the connection terminals and the conductors connected to them;
- the general procedure to be followed by product committees for specifying the permissible temperature and temperature rise.

This consolidated version consists of the second edition (1998) and its amendment 1 (2009). Therefore, no need to order amendment in addition to this publication.

Committee
TC 32
DevelopmentNote
Stability Date: 2018. (10/2012)
DocumentType
Technical Report
Pages
117
PublisherName
International Electrotechnical Committee
Status
Current
Supersedes

Standards Relationship
UNE 20943:2000 IN Identical
PD IEC/TR 60943:2009 Identical
NEN IEC 60943 : 1998 Identical
CEI 32-10 V1 : 2012 Identical
NEN NPR IEC/TR 60943 : 1998 AMD 1 2009 Identical
CEI 32-10 : 2001 Identical
BS IEC 60943:1998 Identical

CEI EN 60077-3 : 2002 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 3: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - RULES FOR D/C/ CIRCUIT-BREAKERS
I.S. EN 62790:2015 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
BS IEC 60076-15:2015 Power transformers Gas-filled power transformers
04/30111859 DC : 0 IEC 62271-1 - HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROL GEAR - PART 1: COMMON SPECIFICATIONS
PD CLC/TR 50479:2007 Electrical installation guide. Selection and erection of electrical equipment. Wiring systems. Limitation of temperature rise of connecting interfaces
BS IEC 62790 : 2014 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
BS EN 60077-2:2017 Railway applications. Electric equipment for rolling stock Electrotechnical components. General rules
13/30281408 DC : 0 BS EN 61869-10 - INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS - PART 10: ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW-POWER, STAND-ALONE CURRENT SENSORS
CEI EN 62271-204 : 2012 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 204: RIGID GAS-INSULATED TRANSMISSION LINES FOR RATED VOLTAGES ABOVE 52 KV
BS EN 60076-6:2008 Power transformers Reactors
C22.2 NO. 31-18 Switchgear assemblies
I.S. EN 60694:1999 COMMON SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR STANDARDS
EN 62271-1:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
I.S. EN 60137:2017 INSULATED BUSHINGS FOR ALTERNATING VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V
BS EN 50548 : 2011 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
I.S. EN 50548:2011 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
CSA C61869-1 : 2014 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
IEC 60269-2:2013+AMD1:2016 CSV Low-voltage fuses - Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) - Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K
EN 60137:2017 Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V
EN IEC 60079-7:2015/A1:2018 EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES - PART 7: EQUIPMENT PROTECTION BY INCREASED SAFETY 'E' (IEC 60079-7:2015/A1:2017)
BS IEC 62852 : 2014 CONNECTORS FOR DC-APPLICATION IN PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
EN 60694:1996/A2:2001 COMMON SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR STANDARDS
EN 60322:2001 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Rules for power resistors of open construction
EN 60077-3:2002 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 3: Electrotechnical components - Rules for d.c. circuit-breakers
NF EN 60077-3 : 2002 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 3: RULES FOR DC CIRCUIT-BREAKERS
UNE-EN 62271-204:2012 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 204: Rigid gas-insulated transmission lines for rated voltage above 52 kV
EN 60077-2:2017 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 2: Electrotechnical components - General rules
07/30167396 DC : 0 BS EN 61869-4 - INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS - PART 4 - SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT FOR COMBINED TRANSFORMERS
NF EN 50521 : 2009 AMD 1 2012 CONNECTORS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
07/30167174 DC : 0 BS EN 61869-2 - INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS - PART 2: SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT FOR CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
BS HD 60269-2:2013 Low-voltage fuses Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application). Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K
04/30111589 DC : 0
IEC TR 62271-306:2012 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 306: Guide to IEC 62271-100, IEC 62271-1 and other IEC standards related to alternating current circuit-breakers
IEC TR 61200-52:2013 Electrical installation guide - Part 52: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Wiring systems
IEEE C37.100.1-2007 IEEE Standard of Common Requirements for High Voltage Power Switchgear Rated Above 1000 V
IEC 60322:2001 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Rules for power resistors of open construction
I.S. EN 50521:2008 CONNECTORS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
IEC 60137:2017 Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V
I.S. EN 62271-1:2017 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 1: COMMON SPECIFICATIONS FOR ALTERNATING CURRENT SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR
BS EN 60137:2017 Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V
S.R. CLC/TR 50479:2007 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION GUIDE - SELECTION AND ERECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - WIRING SYSTEMS - LIMITATION OF TEMPERATURE RISE OF CONNECTING INTERFACES
I.S. EN 62852:2015 CONNECTORS FOR DC-APPLICATION IN PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
CSA C22.2 No. 60079-7 : 2016 EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES - PART 7: EQUIPMENT PROTECTION BY INCREASED SAFETY 'E'
NF EN 60076-6 : 2008 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 6: REACTORS
I.S. EN 60077-1:2017 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 1: GENERAL SERVICE CONDITIONS AND GENERAL RULES
IEC 60077-1 REDLINE : 2ED 2017 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 1: GENERAL SERVICE CONDITIONS AND GENERAL RULES
IEC 60079-7:2015+AMD1:2017 CSV Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
IEC 60137:2017 RLV Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V
BS 88-2(2013) : 2013 COR 2014 LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES - PART 2: SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR FUSES FOR USE BY AUTHORIZED PERSONS (FUSES MAINLY FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION) - EXAMPLES OF STANDARDIZED SYSTEMS OF FUSES A TO K
BS EN 62790:2015 Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules. Safety requirements and tests
09/30214460 DC : 0 BS EN 50548 - JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
UNE-HD 60269-2:2014 Low-voltage fuses - Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) - Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K
UNE-EN 60137:2011 Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V
14/30278882 DC : 0 BS EN 60079-7 IEC 60079-7 ED. 5.0 - EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES - PART 7: EQUIPMENT PROTECTION BY INCREASED SAFETY 'E'
CEI 32-12 : 2014 LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES - PART 2: SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR FUSES FOR USE BY AUTHORIZED PERSONS (FUSES MAINLY FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION) - EXAMPLES OF STANDARDIZED SYSTEMS OF FUSES A TO K
05/30133866 DC : DRAFT MAY 2005 IEC 60076-6 - POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 6: REACTORS
IEC 61709:2017 RLV Electric components - Reliability - Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion
I.S. EN 60079-7:2015 EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES - PART 7: EQUIPMENT PROTECTION BY INCREASED SAFETY 'E'
BS EN 62271-1:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
BIS IS/IEC 62271-1 : 2007 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 1: COMMON SPECIFICATIONS
UNE-EN 62790:2015 Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules - Safety requirements and tests
EN 61709:2017 Electric components - Reliability - Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion
IEC 60077-2 REDLINE : 2ED 2017 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 2: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - GENERAL RULES
IEC 61709 : 3.0 ELECTRIC COMPONENTS - RELIABILITY - REFERENCE CONDITIONS FOR FAILURE RATES AND STRESS MODELS FOR CONVERSION
IEC 60077-3:2001 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 3: Electrotechnical components - Rules for d.c. circuit-breakers
IEC 60077-2:2017 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 2: Electrotechnical components - General rules
IEC 62271-1:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-111:2012 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 111: Automatic circuit reclosers and fault interrupters for alternating current systems up to 38 kV
UNE-EN 61869-1:2010 Instrument transformers -- Part 1: General requirements
UNE-EN 50521:2010 Connectors for photovoltaic systems - Safety requirements and tests
EN 62790:2015 Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules - Safety requirements and tests
IEC GUIDE 111:2004 Electrical high-voltage equipment in high-voltage substations - Common recommendations for product standards
BS EN 61709:2017 Electric components. Reliability. Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion
IEEE/IEC C37.60-2012 IEEE/IEC International Standard - High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 111: Automatic circuit reclosers and fault interrupters for alternating current systems up to 38 kV
CEI EN 60077-2 : 2002 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 2: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - GENERAL RULES
CLC/TR 50479:2007 Electrical installation guide - Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Wiring systems - Limitation of temperature rise of connecting interfaces
16/30318517 DC : 0 BS EN 60137 ED. 7.0 - INSULATED BUSHINGS FOR ALTERNATING VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V
I.S. EN 62271-204:2011 HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 204: RIGID GAS-INSULATED TRANSMISSION LINES FOR RATED VOLTAGE ABOVE 52 KV (IEC 62271-204:2011 (EQV))
16/30296085 DC : 0 BS EN 60077-2 ED. 2.0 - RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 2: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - GENERAL RULES
I.S. EN 61709:2017 ELECTRIC COMPONENTS - RELIABILITY - REFERENCE CONDITIONS FOR FAILURE RATES AND STRESS MODELS FOR CONVERSION
CEI EN 60076-6 : 2015 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 6: REACTORS
I.S. EN 60076-6:2008 POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 6: REACTORS
IEC 60076-15:2015 Power transformers - Part 15: Gas-filled power transformers
I.S. EN 60077-3:2002 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 3: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - RULES FOR D.C. CIRCUIT-BREAKERS
IEC 62271-204:2011 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 204: Rigid gas-insulated transmission lines for rated voltage above 52 kV
EN 62852:2015 Connectors for DC-application in photovoltaic systems - Safety requirements and tests
IEC 60076-6:2007 Power transformers - Part 6: Reactors
BS EN 60322:2001 Railway applications. Electric equipment for rolling stock. Rules for power resistors of open construction
BS EN 62852:2015 Connectors for DC-application in photovoltaic systems. Safety requirements and tests
IEC TR 62271-307:2015 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 307: Guidance for the extension of validity of type tests of AC metal and solid-insulation enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV
BS EN 50521 : 2009 CONNECTORS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
08/30179116 DC : DRAFT MAR 2008 BS EN 50521 - CONNECTORS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
BS EN 60077-1:2017 Railway applications. Electric equipment for rolling stock General service conditions and general rules
EN 62271-204:2011 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 204: Rigid gas-insulated transmission lines for rated voltage above 52 kV
BS EN 60079-7 : 2015 EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES - PART 7: EQUIPMENT PROTECTION BY INCREASED SAFETY 'E' (IEC 60079-7:2015)
15/30265353 DC : 0 BS EN 62271-1 ED 2 - HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR - PART 1: COMMON SPECIFICATIONS FOR ALTERNATING CURRENT SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR
12/30275045 DC : 0 BS EN 60076-15 - POWER TRANSFORMERS - PART 15: GAS-FILLED POWER TRANSFORMER
BS EN 62271-204:2011 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear Rigid gas-insulated transmission lines for rated voltage above 52 kV
IEEE C57.16-2011 IEEE Standard for Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Dry-Type Air-Core Series-Connected Reactors
BS EN 60077-3:2002 Railway applications. Electric equipment for rolling stock Electrotechnical components. Rules for d.c. circuit-breakers
I.S. HD 60269-2:2013 LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES - PART 2: SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS FOR FUSES FOR USE BY AUTHORIZED PERSONS (FUSES MAINLY FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION) - EXAMPLES OF STANDARDIZED SYSTEMS OF FUSES A TO K (IEC 60269-2:2013 (MOD))
UNE-EN 50548:2012 Junction boxes for photovoltaic modules
CEI EN 60137 : 2009 INSULATED BUSHINGS FOR ALTERNATING VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V
UNE-EN 60079-7:2016 Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
NF EN 50548 : 2011 AMD 2 2014 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
PREN 50548 : DRAFT 2009 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
UNE-EN 62852:2015 Connectors for DC-application in photovoltaic systems - Safety requirements and tests
IEC 60077-1:2017 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules
I.S. EN 60077-2:2017 RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK - PART 2: ELECTROTECHNICAL COMPONENTS - GENERAL RULES
IEC 61869-1:2007 Instrument transformers - Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60137 REDLINE : 7ED 2017 INSULATED BUSHINGS FOR ALTERNATING VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V
IEC 62852:2014 Connectors for DC-application in photovoltaic systems - Safety requirements and tests
EN 50548 : 2011 AMD 2 2014 JUNCTION BOXES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES
EN 60077-1:2017 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules
EN 50521:2008/A1:2012 CONNECTORS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
EN 60076-6:2008 Power transformers - Part 6: Reactors
IEC 60077-2:2017 RLV Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 2: Electrotechnical components - General rules
IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules
HD 60269-2:2013 Low-voltage fuses - Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) - Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K
IEC 61709:2017 Electric components - Reliability - Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion

IEC 60050-441:1984 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 441: Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
IEC 60694:1996+AMD1:2000+AMD2:2001 CSV Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards
IEC 60085:2007 Electrical insulation - Thermal evaluation and designation
IEC 60721-2-1:2013 Classification of environmental conditions - Part 2-1: Environmental conditions appearing in nature - Temperature and humidity
IEC 60947-1:2007+AMD1:2010+AMD2:2014 CSV Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
IEC 60364-4-42:2010+AMD1:2014 CSV Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-42: Protection forsafety - Protection against thermal effects
IEC 60216-1:2013 Electrical insulating materials - Thermal endurance properties - Part 1: Ageing procedures and evaluation of test results
IEC TR 60890:2014 A method of temperature-rise verification of low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies by calculation

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