1 - AS 2897-1986 POWER CAPACITORS - SHUNT - RATED VOLTAGES ABOVE 660 VAC
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
6 - SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
6 - 1.1 SCOPE.
6 - 1.2 APPLICATION.
6 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.
6 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS.
6 - 1.4.1 Capacitor element (or element)
6 - 1.4.2 Capacitor unit (or unit)
6 - 1.4.3 Capacitor bank (or bank)
6 - 1.4.4 Standard capacitor unit (standard unit)
6 - 1.4.5 Test capacitor unit (test unit)
6 - 1.4.6 Capacitor installation
6 - 1.4.7 Discharge device of a capacitor
6 - 1.4.8 Internal fuse of a capacitor
6 - 1.4.9 Line terminals
6 - 1.4.10 Rated capacitance of a capacitor (CN )
7 - 1.4.11 Rated output of a capacitor (Q)
7 - 1.4.12 Rated voltage of a capacitor (UN )
7 - 1.4.13 Rated frequency of a capacitor (f)
7 - 1.4.14 Rated current of a capacitor (I)
7 - 1.4.15 Capacitor losses
7 - 1.4.16 Tangent of the loss angle (tan d) of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.17 Maximum permissible voltage of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.18 Maximum permissible current of a capacitor
7 - 1.4.19 Ambient air temperature
7 - 1.4.20 Cooling air temperature
7 - 1.4.21 Steady-state condition
7 - 1.4.22 Residual voltage
7 - 1.4.23 Highest voltage of a system
7 - 1.4.24 Highest voltage for equipment (U)
7 - 1.4.25 Insulation level (U)
7 - 1.4.26 Bank protection
7 - 1.4.27 Unbalance protection
7 - 1.5 SERVICE CONDITIONS.
7 - 1.5.1 Normal service conditions.
8 - 1.5.2 Abnormal service conditions.
9 - SECTION 2. TESTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
9 - 2.1 TEST REQUIREMENTS.
9 - 2.1.1. General.
9 - 2.1.2 Test conditions.
9 - 2.1.3 Container rupture.
9 - 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF ROUTINE, TYPE, SAMPLE AND SPECIAL TESTS.
9 - 2.2.1 Routine tests.
9 - 2.2.2 Type tests.
9 - 2.2.3 Sample tests.
9 - 2.2.4 Special tests.
9 - 2.3 DETAILS OF ROUTINE TESTS.
9 - 2.3.1 Capacitance measurements.
10 - 2.3.2 Capacitor loss tangent (tan d) routine test measurement
10 - 2.3.3 Voltage tests between terminals.
10 - 2.3.4 A.C. voltage routine test between terminals and container
11 - 2.3.5 Test of internal discharge device.
11 - 2.3.6 Sealing test.
11 - 2.3.7 Short-circuit discharge routine test.
11 - 2.4 DETAILS OF TYPE TESTS.
11 - 2.4.1 Thermal stability test.
12 - 2.4.2 Capacitor loss tangent (tan d) type test measured at elevated temperature
12 - 2.4.3 Lightning impulse voltage test between terminals and container.
12 - 2.4.4 Short-circuit discharge type test.
12 - 2.4.5 Tests on internal fuses.
12 - 2.4.6 A.C. voltage type test between terminals and container
13 - SECTION 3. INSULATION LEVELS
13 - 3.1 STANDARD VALUES.
13 - 3.2 INSULATION LEVELS OF CAPACITOR UNITS.
13 - 3.2.1 Units with containers connected to earth.
13 - 3.2.2 Units with containers insulated from earth.
13 - 3.3 CAPACITOR BANKS, STAR AND DELTA CONNECTED.
13 - 3.3.1 Insulation to earth (banks with isolated neutral)
13 - 3.3.2 Insulation across each phase of the capacitor bank
13 - 3.3.3 Phase-to-phase insulation of thecapacitor bank.
13 - 3.4 UNITS AND/OR BANKS CONNECTED TO SINGLE PHASES
15 - SECTION 4. OVERLOADS
15 - 4.1 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE VOLTAGE.
15 - 4.1.1 Long duration voltages.
15 - 4.1.2 Switching voltages.
15 - 4.1.3 Transient overvoltages and currents.
15 - 4.2 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CURRENT.
16 - SECTION 5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
16 - 5.1 GENERAL.
16 - 5.2 DISCHARGE DEVICES.
16 - 5.3 CONTAINER CONNECTIONS.
16 - 5.4 PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT.
16 - 5.5 OTHER SAFETY REQUIREMENTS.
17 - SECTION 6. MARKINGS
17 - 6.1 MARKINGS OF THE UNIT.
17 - 6.1.1 Unit rating plate.
17 - 6.1.2 Standardized connection symbols.
17 - 6.1.3 Unit warning plate.
17 - 6.2 MARKINGS OF THE BANK.
17 - 6.2.1 Bank rating plate.
18 - 6.2.2 Bank warning plate.
19 - APPENDIX A - GUIDE FOR INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
19 - A1 GENERAL.
19 - A2 CHOICE OF RATED VOLTAGE.
19 - A3 OPERATING TEMPERATURE.
20 - A4 SPECIAL SERVICE CONDITIONS.
20 - A5 OVERLOAD CURRENTS.
21 - A6 TRANSIENT OVERVOLTAGES AND CURRENTS.
22 - A7 SWITCHING DEVICES.
22 - A8 LIGHTNING.
22 - A9 ROTATING MACHINES.
23 - A10 CAPACITOR PROTECTION.
23 - A11 CAPACITORS CONNECTED TO SYSTEMS WITH AUDIO-FREQUENCY REMOTE CONTROL
23 - A12 CHOICE OF INSULATION LEVELS.
23 - A13 RE-ENERGIZATION.
23 - A14 MAINTENANCE.
23 - A15 COMMISSIONING.
24 - APPENDIX B - FORMULAE FOR CAPACITORS AND INSTALLATIONS
24 - B1 COMPUTATION OF THE RATED CAPACITANCE OF A SINGLE-PHASE CAPACITOR FROM ITS OUTPUT.
24 - B2 COMPUTATION OF THE OUTPUT OF THREE-PHASE CAPACITORS FROM THREE SINGLE-PHASE CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENTS.
24 - B3 RESONANT FREQUENCY.
24 - B4 VOLTAGE INCREASE.
24 - B5 TRANSIENT INRUSH CURRENT.
25 - B6 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE IN SINGLE PHASE UNIT.
25 - B7 DISCHARGE TIME TO 10 PERCENT OF RATED VOLTAGE.
26 - APPENDIX C - ENDURANCE TESTING
26 - C1 SCOPE.
26 - C2 OBJECTIVE.
26 - C3 TEST UNIT DESIGN.
27 - C4 DESIGN IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENT.
27 - C5 ENDURANCE TEST APPROVAL CRITERIA.
27 - C6 ENDURANCE TESTS AND REQUIREMENTS.
31 - APPENDIX D - PARTIAL DISCHARGE TESTING OF POWER CAPACITORS
31 - D1 INTRODUCTION.
31 - D2 PARTIAL DISCHARGE TESTS.
31 - D3 TEST CIRCUITS.
33 - APPENDIX E - PERFORMANCE AND TEST REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERNAL FUSES
33 - E1 GENERAL.
33 - E2 OBJECTS.
34 - E3 TEST REQUIREMENTS.
36 - APPENDIX F - TEST REQUIREMENTS AND APPLICATION GUIDE FOR EXTERNAL FUSES AND UNITS TO BE EXTERNALLY FUSED
36 - F1 SCOPE.
36 - F2 APPLICATION.
36 - F3 ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS.
36 - F4 TESTS.
36 - F5 GUIDE FOR COORDINATION OF FUSE PROTECTION.
36 - F6 CHOICE OF FUSES.
37 - F7 INFORMATION NEEDED BY THE USER OF THE FUSES.
38 - APPENDIX G - ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR POWER FILTER CAPACITORS
38 - G1 GENERAL.
39 - APPENDIX H - EFFECT OF HARMONICS ON CAPACITOR LOADING
39 - H1 GENERAL.
39 - H2 CALCULATION OF REACTIVE POWER
40 - APPENDIX J - INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN WITH ENQUIRY AND ORDER
40 - J1 GENERAL.
40 - J2 ITEMS SUBJECT TO AGREEMENT BETWEEN PURCHASER AND MANUFACTURER.