1 - AS 4081-1993 THE STORAGE, HANDLING AND TRANSPORT OF LIQUID AND LIQUEFIED POLYFUNCTIONAL ISOCYANATES
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
7 - 1.2 APPLICATION
7 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
8 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
8 - 1.4.1 Approved
8 - 1.4.2 Articulated loading arm
8 - 1.4.3 Bulk container
8 - 1.4.4 Combustible liquid
8 - 1.4.5 Connector
8 - 1.4.6 Dangerous goods
8 - 1.4.7 Drum
8 - 1.4.8 Exposure Standard
9 - 1.4.9 Flammable liquid
9 - 1.4.10 Informative
9 - 1.4.11 Intermediate bulk container (IBC)
9 - 1.4.12 Laid down
9 - 1.4.13 Material safety data sheet (MSDS)
9 - 1.4.14 Normative
9 - 1.4.15 Occupier
9 - 1.4.16 Package
9 - 1.4.17 Packaging
9 - 1.4.18 Pig
9 - 1.4.19 Pigging
9 - 1.4.20 Polyfunctional isocyanate (PFI)
9 - 1.4.21 Primary (onshore) bulk storage system
9 - 1.4.22 Purge gas
9 - 1.4.23 Self-contained breathing apparatus
9 - 1.4.24 Shall
9 - 1.4.25 Should
9 - 1.4.26 Tank
9 - 1.4.27 Tanker
9 - 1.4.28 Transfer point
9 - 1.4.29 Transport tank
9 - 1.4.30 Ullage
9 - 1.5 REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO VISITORS TO PFI STORAGE AND HANDLING AREAS
10 - SECTION 2 HAZARDS OF POLY FUNCTIONAL ISOCYANATES
10 - 2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
10 - 2.2 GENERAL
10 - 2.3 HEALTH HAZARDS
10 - 2.4 HAZARDOUS UNDESIRABLE REACTIONS
10 - 2.4.1 Reaction with water
10 - 2.4.2 Fire
10 - 2.4.3 Reaction with alkaline substances
11 - 2.4.4 Reaction with rubber and plastics
11 - 2.4.5 Reaction with metals
12 - SECTION 3 OPERATOR SAFETY
12 - 3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12 - 3.2 PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE
12 - 3.3 TRAINING
12 - 3.4 SAFETY EQUIPMENT
12 - 3.4.1 Personal protective equipment
12 - 3.4.2 Safety shower
13 - SECTION 4 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
13 - 4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
13 - 4.2 GENERAL
13 - 4.3 MEDICAL EXAMINATION
14 - SECTION 5 OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE
14 - 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
14 - 5.2 WORKPLACE EXPOSURE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
14 - 5.3 CONTROL HIERARCHY
14 - 5.3.1 General
14 - 5.3.2 Isolation of processes
14 - 5.3.3 Engineering controls
14 - 5.3.4 Safe work practices
14 - 5.4 PERSONAL PROTECTION
14 - 5.5 HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS
16 - SECTION 6 FIRE PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
16 - 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
16 - 6.2 FIRE PROTECTION
16 - 6.2.1 General considerations
16 - 6.2.2 Fire protection measures
16 - 6.2.3 Management of fire
16 - 6.3 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
16 - 6.3.1 Emergency action plan
16 - 6.3.2 Emergency procedures
17 - 6.4 PLACARDING
17 - 6.4.1 Entrance warning sign
17 - 6.4.2 Placarding of storages
17 - 6.4.3 Safety information board
17 - 6.5 MANIFEST
17 - 6.6 FIRST AID
17 - 6.6.1 General
17 - 6.6.2 Personal decontamination
18 - 6.6.3 First aid equipment
18 - 6.7 MANAGEMENT OF SPILLS
18 - 6.7.1 General
18 - 6.7.2 Equipment and chemicals
18 - 6.7.3 Leaking packages and minor spills
18 - 6.7.4 Major spills
19 - SECTION 7 WASTE DISPOSAL
19 - 7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
19 - 7.2 DISPOSAL OF UNREACTED MATERIALS
19 - 7.2.1 General
19 - 7.2.2 Disposal of PFI
19 - 7.2.3 Disposal of contents of leaking package (e.g. a drum)
19 - 7.2.4 Disposal of packagings
19 - 7.3 DISPOSAL OF WASTES
20 - SECTION 8 DESIGN OF EQUIPMENT, INSTALLATION, LOCATION AND OPERATIONS AT INSTALLATIONS FOR PFI STORAGE
20 - 8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
20 - 8.2 GENERAL
20 - 8.3 ILLUMINATION
20 - 8.4 SECURITY
20 - 8.5 TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
21 - SECTION 9 PRIMARY BULK STORAGE INSTALLATIONS
21 - 9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
21 - 9.2 GENERAL
21 - 9.3 BULK STORAGE SYSTEMS
21 - 9.3.1 General
22 - 9.3.2 Storage tank capacity
22 - 9.3.3 Tanks
22 - 9.3.4 Piping systems
22 - 9.3.5 PFI Vapour emission control
23 - 9.3.6 Vacuum relief system
23 - 9.3.7 Installation of bulk storage tanks
23 - 9.3.8 Location
23 - 9.3.9 Safety information board and tank placarding
23 - 9.4 TRANSFER SYSTEM BETWEEN A MARINE TANKER AND THE PRIMARY BULK STORAGE
23 - 9.4.1 General
23 - 9.4.2 Piping system
24 - 9.4.3 Connections between wharf piping and the marine tanker
24 - 9.4.4 Testing/maintenance of flexible hose assemblies
24 - 9.4.5 Transfer from ship to onshore bulk storage
25 - 9.5 TRANSFER FROM PRIMARY BULK STORAGE SYSTEM TO TRANSPORT TANKS OR TANKERS
25 - 9.5.1 Liquid transfer
25 - 9.5.2 Pumps
25 - 9.5.3 Emergency stop/shutdown provision
25 - 9.5.4 PFI vapour emission control
26 - 9.5.5 Piping system
26 - 9.5.6 Provision for purging the loading hose
26 - 9.5.7 Transfer point
26 - 9.5.8 Connections between pipes and transport tanks or tankers
27 - 9.5.9 Transfer operations
28 - 9.5.10 Clearing transfer hose of PFIs
29 - SECTION 10 PROCESSING SITE INSTALLATION
29 - 10.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
29 - 10.2 GENERAL
29 - 10.3 BULK STORAGE SYSTEM
29 - 10.4 INSTALLATION
30 - 10.5 LOCATION
30 - 10.6 TANK OVERFLOW COLLECTION SYSTEM
30 - 10.6.1 Piping system
30 - 10.6.2 Overflow tanks
31 - 10.7 VAPOUR EMISSION CONTROL
29 - 10.3.1 General
29 - 10.3.2 Capacity
29 - 10.3.3 Tanks
29 - 10.3.4 Piping system
31 - 10.8 VACUUM RELIEF SYSTEM
31 - 10.9 PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM
31 - 10.10 TRANSFER FROM TRANSPORT TANKS OR TANKERS TO BULK STORAGE TANKS
31 - 10.10.1 General
31 - 10.10.2 Storage tank space
31 - 10.10.3 Vapour emission control
31 - 10.10.4 Pumps
31 - 10.10.5 Emergency stop/shutdown provision
31 - 10.10.6 Piping system
32 - 10.10.7 Transfer point
32 - 10.10.8 Pipe connections
32 - 10.10.9 Pre-transfer check
32 - 10.10.10 Transfer procedure
33 - 10.10.11 Post-transfer procedure
33 - 10.11 CLEARING TRANSFER HOSE OF PFIs
33 - 10.12 PREVENTING SOLIDIFICATION
34 - SECTION 11 PACKAGING, PACKAGE STORAGE AND PACKAGE TRANSFER SYSTEMS
34 - 11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
34 - 11.2 GENERAL
34 - 11.3 PACKAGING
34 - 11.4 PACKAGE STORAGE
34 - 11.4.1 Storage area
34 - 11.4.2 Location of storage
34 - 11.5 LOCATION OF TRANSFER SYSTEMS
34 - 11.6 EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR FILLING PACKAGINGS
34 - 11.6.1 General
35 - 11.6.2 Filling equipment
35 - 11.6.3 Ventilation system
35 - 11.7 FILLING PACKAGES
35 - 11.7.1 Checking of conditions before commencing filling
36 - 11.7.2 Procedure for filling packagings
36 - 11.8 EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR EMPTYING PACKAGES
36 - 11.8.1 Ventilation
36 - 11.8.2 Emptying by drum pump
36 - 11.8.3 Pressure-equalization of packages
36 - 11.8.4 Emptying by decanting
36 - 11.8.5 Disposal of empty packages
36 - 11.9 PROCEDURE FOR EMPTYING PACKAGES
36 - 11.9.1 Receipt of packages
37 - 11.9.2 Items to be confirmed prior to emptying
37 - 11.9.3 Operating procedures for emptying of packages
37 - 11.9.4 Leaking packages
37 - 11.9.5 Pressurized packages
38 - SECTION 12 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
38 - 12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
38 - 12.2 INSPECTION
38 - 12.2.1 General plant and equipment
38 - 12.2.2 Instrumentation
38 - 12.2.3 Safety devices
38 - 12.3 MAINTENANCE
39 - APPENDIX A - EXAMPLES OF PFIs
40 - APPENDIX B - EXAMPLE OF FORM FOR VISITORS
40 - B1 SCOPE
40 - B2 FORM
41 - APPENDIX C - MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS PROGRAM
41 - C1 SCOPE
41 - C2 FREQUENCY OF MEDICAL EXAMINATION
41 - C3 INITIAL MEDICAL EXAMINATION
41 - C4 SUBSEQUENT AND PERIODIC EXAMINATIONS
42 - APPENDIX D - EXAMPLE OF MEDICAL FORM
43 - APPENDIX E - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR DISPLAY ON SAFETY INFORMATION BOARDS AND PLACARDS FOR TANKS
43 - E1 SCOPE
43 - E2 SAFETY INFORMATION BOARD AT THE ENTRANCE TO PREMISES
43 - E3 SAFETY INFORMATION BOARD LOCATED IN THE STORAGE TANK AREA
43 - E4 SUPPLEMENTARY MARKING FOR TANK PLACARDS
44 - APPENDIX F - DECONTAMINATION OF PFI
44 - F1 SCOPE
44 - F2 DECONTAMINATION OF SPILLAGES
44 - F3 DECONTAMINANTS FOR PFI
44 - F4 DECONTAMINATION OF A PACKAGE
45 - APPENDIX G - CLASSIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
45 - G1 CLASSIFICATION
45 - G2 PROPERTIES
46 - APPENDIX H - PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT TO BE CARRIED ON ROAD VEHICLES
46 - APPENDIX I - SCRUBBING SOLUTION
47 - APPENDIX J - DEALING WITH PRESSURIZED DRUMS
47 - J1 SCOPE
47 - J2 DETECTION AND INITIAL ACTIONS
47 - J3 PROCEDURE IF DRUM ASSESSED AS BEING DANGEROUS
47 - J4 PROCEDURE IF DRUM IS ASSESSED AS BEING NOT IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS
48 - APPENDIX K - DEALING WITH SOLIDIFIED OR FROZEN PFI IN DRUMS
48 - K1 SCOPE
48 - K2 DETECTION OF SOLIDIFICATION
48 - K3 REMEDIAL ACTION