1 - AS 4398.2-1996 INSULATORS-CERAMIC OR GLASS-STATION POST FOR INDOOR AND OUTDOOR USE-VOLTAGES GREATER THAN 1000 V a.c. - TESTS
4 - PREFACE
6 - CONTENTS
9 - Section 1: General
9 - 1.1 Scope and object
10 - 1.2 Normative references
10 - 1.3 Definitions
11 - 1.3.1 insulator:
11 - 1.3.2 lot:
11 - 1.3.3 dry lightning-impulse withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.4 50 % dry lightning impulse flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.5 dry or wet switching-impulse withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.6 50 % dry or wet switching-impulse flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.7 dry or wet power-frequency withstand voltage:
11 - 1.3.8 dry or wet power-frequency flashover voltage:
11 - 1.3.9 puncture voltage:
11 - 1.3.10 mechanical falling load:
12 - 1.3.11 creepage distance:
12 - 1.3.12 specified characteristic:
12 - 1.3.13 parallelism of the end faces:
12 - 1.3.14 eccentricity:
12 - 1.3.15 angular deviation of the fixing holes:
12 - Section 2: Insulators
12 - 2.1 Insulator designs and insulating materials
12 - 2.1.1 Insulator designs
13 - 2.1.2 Insulating materials
13 - 2.2 Values which characterize a post Insulator
14 - 2.3 Identification of insulators
14 - Section 3: Classification of the tests, sampling rules and procedures
14 - 3.1 Classification of the tests
14 - 3.1.1 Type tests
15 - 3.1.2 Sample tests
15 - 3.1.3 Routine tests
15 - 3.2 Quality assurance
15 - 3.3 General requirements for type tests
15 - 3.3.1 Insulator selection for type tests
15 - 3.3.2 Verification of the dimensions
16 - 3.3.3 Electrical type tests
16 - 3.3.4 Mechanical failing load type tests
17 - 3.4 General requirements for sample tests
17 - 3.4.1 Sampling rules and procedures for sample tests
18 - 3.4.2 Retest procedure for sample tests
18 - Section 4: Test procedures for electrical tests
18 - 4.1 General requirements for high-voltage tests
19 - 4.2 Standard atmospheric conditions and correction factors for electrical tests
19 - 4.2.1 Standard reference atmosphere
19 - 4.2.2 Correction factors for atmospheric conditions
19 - 4.3 Artificial rain parameters for wet tests
20 - 4.4 Mounting arrangements for electrical tests
20 - 4.4.1 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator for use in systems with highest voltage of equipment below 300 kV
20 - 4.4.2 Standard mounting arrangement of a post insulator for use in systems with highest voltage of equipment equal to or...
21 - 4.4.3 Mounting arrangements when service conditions are to be represented
22 - 4.5 Dry lightning-impulse withstand voltage test - Type test
22 - 4.5.1 Withstand voltage test using the withstand voltage procedure
22 - 4.5.2 Withstand voltage test using the 50 % flashover voltage procedure
22 - 4.6 Dry or wet switching-impulse withstand voltage tests - Type test
23 - 4.6.1 Withstand voltage test using the withstand voltage procedure
23 - 4.6.2 Withstand voltage using the 50 % flashover voltage procedure
24 - 4.7 Dry power-frequency withstand voltage test - Type test (applicable only to post insulators for indoor use)
24 - 4.7.1 Test procedure
24 - 4.7.2 Acceptance criteria
24 - 4.7.3 Dry power-frequency flashover voltage
24 - 4.8 Wet power-frequency withstand voltage test - Type test (applicable only to post insulators for outdoor use)
24 - 4.8.1 Test procedure
24 - 4.8.2 Acceptance criteria
25 - 4.8.3 Wet power-frequency flashover voltage
25 - 4.9 Puncture test - Sample test
25 - 4.9.1 Test procedure
25 - 4.9.2 Acceptance criteria
25 - 4.9.3 Puncture voltage
25 - 4.10 Routine electrical test
25 - 4.10.1 Cylindrical post insulators with internal metal fittings, design category 4), and pedestal post insulators...
26 - 4.10.2 Cavity core cylindrical post insulators, design category 2) (see 2.1.1)
26 - Section 5: Test procedures for mechanical and other tests
26 - 5.1 Verification of the dimensions - Type and sample test
27 - 5.1.1 General requirements
27 - 5.1.2 Creepage distance tolerances
27 - 5.1.3 Special tolerances
27 - 5.1.4 Shed angle
28 - 5.1.5 Acceptance criteria
28 - 5.2 Mechanical failing load test - Type and sample test
28 - 5.2.1 General requirements
28 - 5.2.2 Mounting arrangements
28 - 5.2.3 Loading arrangements
29 - 5.2.4 Bending test
30 - 5.2.5 Torsion test
30 - 5.2.6 Tensil e test
30 - 5.2.7 Compressive test
30 - 5.2.8 Acceptance criteria
30 - 5.3 Test for deflection under load - Special type test
31 - 5.4 Temperature cycle test - Sample test
31 - 5.4.1 General requirements
31 - 5.4.2 Test applicable to post insulators composed of ceramic material or toughened glass
31 - 5.4.3 Test applicable to post insulators composed of annealed glass
32 - 5.4.4 Acceptance criteria
32 - 5.5 Routine thermal shock test (applicable only to toughened glass insulating parts)
32 - 5.6 Porosity test - Sample test (applicable only to ceramic post insulators)
32 - 5.6.1 Test procedure
32 - 5.6.2 Acceptance criteria
32 - 5.7 Galvanizing test - Sample test
33 - 5.7.1 Test procedures
33 - 5.7.2 Acceptance criteria
34 - 5.8 Routine visual inspection
35 - 5.8.1 Post insulators with ceramic insulating parts
36 - 5.8.2 Post insulators with glass insulating parts
36 - 5.9 Routine mechanical test
36 - 5.9.1 Cylindrical post insulators in design categories 1), 2) and 6) with a nominal height h > 770 mm
37 - 5.9.2 Cylindrical post insulators in design categories 1), 2), 3), 4) and 6) with a nominal height h <= 770 mm
37 - 5.9.3 Pedestal post insulators, design category 5)
37 - 5.9.4 Acceptance criteria
38 - Section 6: Tests applicable to post insulators
38 - 6.1 Type tests
38 - 6.1.1 Standard tests
38 - 6.1.2 Special tests
38 - 6.2 Sample tests
39 - 6.3 Routine tests
39 - 6.4 Summary of tests on post insulators
44 - Annex A - Methods of testing for tolerances of parallelism, eccentricity, angular deviation, camber, and shed...
44 - A.1 Methods of test
46 - A.2 Precautions to be taken during the tests
47 - Annex B - Methods of routine testing of unassembled insulator units
47 - B.1 Test method with uniform bending moment
47 - B.2 Test method with non-uniform bending moment applied
49 - B.3 Test method with bending load applied
50 - Annex C - Bibliography
51 - APPENDIX ZZ - DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THIS STANDARD AND IEC 168:1994