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AS/NZS 1554.4:2004

Superseded
Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

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superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

Structural steel welding - Welding of high strength quenched and tempered steels
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF 1 User , PDF 3 Users , PDF 5 Users , PDF 9 Users

Superseded date

06-24-2021

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-01-2004

Preview

1 - AS/NZS 1554.4:2004 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING OF HIGH STRENGTH QUENCHED AND TEMPERED STEELS
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
8 - 1.2 EXCLUSIONS
8 - 1.3 INNOVATION
9 - 1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
9 - 1.5 DEFINITIONS
9 - 1.5.1 Fabricator
9 - 1.5.2 Inspecting authority
9 - 1.5.3 Inspector
9 - 1.5.4 May
9 - 1.5.5 Principal
9 - 1.5.6 Shall
9 - 1.5.7 Should
9 - 1.6 WELD CATEGORIES
10 - 1.7 BASIC WELDING REQUIREMENTS
10 - 1.8 SAFETY
10 - 1.8.1 Safety equipment and procedures
10 - 1.8.2 Welding equipment
10 - 1.8.3 Other hazards
11 - SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
11 - 2.1 PARENT MATERIAL
11 - 2.2 BACKING MATERIAL
11 - 2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
11 - 2.3.1 Electrodes and filler wires
11 - 2.3.2 Care of electrodes and filler wires
12 - 2.3.3 Flux
12 - 2.3.4 Shielding gas
13 - SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
13 - 3.1 GENERAL
13 - 3.1.1 Permissible weld types
13 - 3.1.2 Design stresses
13 - 3.1.3 Drawings
13 - 3.2 BUTT WELDS
13 - 3.2.1 Size of weld
13 - 3.2.2 Design throat thickness
14 - 3.2.3 Effective length
14 - 3.2.4 Effective area
14 - 3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
14 - 3.3 FILLET WELDS
14 - 3.3.1 Size of weld
14 - 3.3.2 Design throat thickness
16 - 3.3.3 Effective length
16 - 3.3.4 Effective area
16 - 3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
16 - 3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
18 - 3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
18 - 3.4.1 Description
18 - 3.4.2 Design throat thickness (DTT)
19 - 3.5 SEAL WELDS
19 - 3.6 PLUG WELDS
19 - 3.7 SLOT WELDS
20 - SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
20 - 4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
20 - 4.1.1 General
20 - 4.1.2 Butt welds
21 - 4.1.3 Fillet welds
21 - 4.1.4 Qualification of multiple welding positions
22 - 4.2 METHOD OF QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
22 - 4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
22 - 4.4 PORTABILITY OF QUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
23 - 4.5 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
23 - 4.5.1 General
23 - 4.5.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
23 - 4.5.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
23 - 4.5.4 Prequalified fillet welds
23 - 4.5.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
30 - 4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
30 - 4.6.1 Prequalified welding consumables
31 - 4.6.2 Qualification of welding consumables by testing
31 - 4.7 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
31 - 4.7.1 Method of qualification
31 - 4.7.2 Preparation of special test piece
31 - 4.7.3 Dimensions of test pieces
31 - 4.7.4 Macro tests
36 - 4.7.5 Transverse butt tensile tests
36 - 4.7.6 Bend tests
36 - 4.7.7 Charpy impact tests
36 - 4.7.8 Hardness comparison tests between parent metal and weld metal
36 - 4.7.9 Hardness tests for weld-heat-affected zones
36 - 4.7.10 Retests
36 - 4.8 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
36 - 4.9 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
37 - 4.10 RECORDS OF TESTS
37 - 4.11 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
37 - 4.12 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
37 - 4.12.1 Welding supervisor
38 - 4.12.2 Welders
43 - SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
43 - 5.1 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
43 - 5.1.1 General
43 - 5.1.2 Thermal cutting
43 - 5.2 ASSEMBLY
43 - 5.2.1 General
43 - 5.2.2 Alignment of butt-welded joints
44 - 5.2.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
44 - 5.2.4 Separation of a backing material
44 - 5.3 PREHEATING AND INTER-RUN CONTROL
44 - 5.3.1 General
44 - 5.3.2 Need for preheating and interrun temperature control
45 - 5.3.3 Extent of preheating and cooling after welding
45 - 5.3.4 Determination of preheating temperature
46 - 5.4 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
47 - 5.5 TACK WELDS
47 - 5.6 WELD DEPTH°TO°WIDTH RATIO
47 - 5.7 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
47 - 5.7.1 General
48 - 5.7.2 Stressed parts
48 - 5.7.3 Peening
48 - 5.7.4 Correction of distortion
48 - 5.8 BACKGOUGING AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
48 - 5.8.1 General
48 - 5.8.2 Removal of weld metal
49 - 5.8.3 Grinding
49 - 5.8.4 Stop/Starts
49 - 5.9 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
49 - 5.10 ARC STRIKES
50 - 5.11 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
50 - 5.12 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
51 - SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
51 - 6.1 WELD CATEGORIES
51 - 6.2 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
51 - 6.2.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
51 - 6.2.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
51 - 6.2.3 Adjacent imperfections
51 - 6.2.4 Interpretation of tests
52 - 6.3 RADIOGRAPHY
52 - 6.3.1 Method
52 - 6.3.2 IQI sensitivity
52 - 6.3.3 Acceptance limits
53 - 6.4 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
53 - 6.4.1 Method
53 - 6.4.2 Evaluation
53 - 6.4.3 Acceptance limits
53 - 6.5 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
55 - 6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
55 - 6.7 WELD DEFECTS
55 - 6.8 REPORTING
60 - SECTION 7 INSPECTION
60 - 7.1 GENERAL
60 - 7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
60 - 7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
60 - 7.4 NON°DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL
62 - APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
64 - APPENDIX B - BRITTLE FRACTURE
64 - B1 METHODS
64 - B2 NOTCH°DUCTILE RANGE METHOD
64 - B3 DESIGN SERVICE TEMPERATURE
64 - B3.1 General
64 - B3.2 Basic design temperature
64 - B3.3 Modifications to the basic design temperature
65 - B4 MATERIAL SELECTION
65 - B4.1 Selection of steel type
65 - B4.2 Limitations
65 - B4.3 Modification for certain applications
66 - B5 FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
68 - APPENDIX C - TYPICAL FORMS FOR WELDING PROCEDURES
71 - APPENDIX D - CHECK LIST OF MATTERS FOR DISCUSSION
72 - APPENDIX E - WELDED JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
72 - E1 NOTATION FOR JOINT IDENTIFICATION
72 - E2 NOTATION FOR DIMENSIONS, POSITIONS AND BACKING MATERIAL
73 - E3 NOTATION FOR PROCESSES
73 - E4 EXAMPLE

Specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings, by the MMAW, SAW, GMAW, GTAW or TIG, FCAW, ESW and EGW processes. The Standard is limited to the welding of quenched and tempered steel parent material.

This Standard specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings, by the following processes: (a) Manual metal-arc welding (MMAW). (b) Submerged arc welding (SAW). (c) Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW), including pulsed mode.(d) Gas tungsten-arc welding (GTAW or TIG).(e) Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW). (f) Electroslag (including consumable guide) welding (ESW) (see Note). (g) Electrogas welding (EGW) (see Note). NOTE: These processes may not be suitable for welding quenched and tempered steels in all cases (see WTIA Technical Note 15). The Standard is limited to the welding of quenched and tempered steel parent material complying with Clause 2.1. The Standard applies to the welding of steelwork in structures complying with appropriate Standards. Where welded joints in these structures are governed by dynamic loading conditions, the Standard applies only to those welded joints that comply with the fatigue provisions of AS 3990, as limited by Item (ii) below, or with the directly equivalent fatigue provisions of other application Standards. The Standard applies to welded joints that are— (i) not subject to fatigue conditions; or(ii) subject to fatigue conditions; and— (A) the stress range in the welded joint complies with the permissible stress range of stress Categories C, D, E or F of AS 3990, or weld categories lower than or equal to detail Category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1; or (B) the stress range in the welded joint is not more than 80% of the permissible stress range of stress Category B of AS 3990, (Category SP weld, see Clause 1.5.2); or (C) the stress range in the welded joint is greater than 80% of the permissible stress range for stress Category B of AS 3990, or exceeds the stress range permitted for detail Category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1 (Category FP weld, see Clause 1.5.2), but does not exceed the maximum stress ranges permitted for these categories. In addition to the abovementioned structures, the Standard applies to the welding of bridges, cranes, hoists, earthmoving equipment, other dynamically loaded structures and steelwork in applications other than structural. NOTES: 1 Further information on this Standard, which the drafting committee could not incorporate, is given in WTIA Technical Note 11. 2 Complementary codes that facilitate design and fabrication of high strength quenched and tempered steels include the following:(a) American Institute of Steel Construction Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings.(b) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges.(c) American Railway Engineering Association Specifications for Steel Railway Bridges. 3 The Standard requires that weld preparations, welding consumables and welding procedures be qualified before commencement of welding. Prequalified joint preparations, welding consumables and welding procedures are also given in the Standard. 4 In catering for structures subject to fatigue conditions as well as statically loaded structures, the Standard provides three categories of welds with three differing levels of weld quality assurance, associated with the different types of service to which the welds are subjected. The intention is for designer to elect the category suited to the severity of the service and nominate this on the drawings, where a structure contains more than one category, this will ensure that appropriate levels of supervision and inspection will be applied to the relevant parts of the structure.

Committee
WD-003
DocumentType
Standard
ISBN
0 7337 5731 6
Pages
86
PublisherName
Standards Australia
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes
UnderRevision

First published as AS 1554.4-1989.Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 1554.4:1995.Third edition 2004. First published as AS 1554.4-1989. Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 1554.4:1995. Third edition 2004.

AS/NZS 1553.2:1999 Covered electrodes for welding - Low and intermediate alloy steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding of carbon steels and low and intermediate alloy steels
AS 1817.3-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Calibration of reference blocks
AS 2207-1994 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing of fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy steel
AS 1553.2-1987 Covered electrodes for welding - Low and intermediate alloy steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding of carbon steels and low and intermediate alloy steels
AS 2062-1997 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing of products and components
AS 2865-1995 Safe working in a confined space
AS 2177.2-1982 Radiography of welded butt joints in metal - Image quality indicators (IQI) and recommendations for their use
AS/NZS 2865:2001 Safe working in a confined space
AS 1995-1977 Welding cables
AS 1450-1983 Steel tubes for mechanical purposes
AS/NZS 4360:1999 Risk management
AS 1858.2-1989 Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding - Low and intermediate alloy steels
AS 1674.2-2007 Safety in welding and allied processes Electrical (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2177.1-1994 Non-destructive testing - Radiography of welded butt joints in metal Methods of test
AS 1966.1-1985 Electric arc welding power sources - Transformer type
AS 4882-2003 Shielding gases for welding
AS/NZS 1336:1997 Recommended practices for occupational eye protection
AS 1817.2-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Verification of testing machines
AS 2207-2007 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing of fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy steel (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS 3990-1993 Mechanical equipment - Steelwork (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 2980-1987 Qualification of arc-welders for welding of steels
AS 1101.3-1987 Graphical symbols for general engineering - Welding and non-destructive examination
AS 1450-2007 Steel tubes for mechanical purposes (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS 1674.1-1997 Safety in welding and allied processes Fire precautions (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 1817.1-2003 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Test method (ISO 6507-1:1997, MOD)
AS/NZS ISO 3834.2:1999 Quality requirements for welding - Fusion welding of metallic materials Comprehensive quality requirements
AS 1470-1986 Health and safety at work - Principles and practices
AS 1210-1997 Pressure vessels
AS/NZS 2980:2007 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels
AS 1554.1-1991 Structural steel welding (known as the SAA Structural Steel Welding Code) - Welding of steel structures
AS 1966.2-1985 Electric arc welding power sources - Rotary type
AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk management
AS 2205.3.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse guided bend test (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS/NZS 1554.1:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures
AS 2203.1-1990 Cored electrodes for arc-welding - Ferritic steel electrodes
AS 2214-2004 Certification of welding supervisors - Structural steel welding
AS 3597-1993 Structural and pressure vessel steel - Quenched and tempered plate
AS 2205.7.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Charpy V-notch impact fracture toughness test
AS 4100-1998 Steel structures (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 2812-2005 Welding, brazing and cutting of metals - Glossary of terms (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2205.2.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse butt tensile test
AS/NZS 1338.1:1992 Filters for eye protectors Filters for protection against radiation generated in welding and allied operations
AS 1796-2001 Certification of welders and welding supervisors (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS ISO 13916-2003 Welding - Guide on the measurement of preheating temperature, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance temperature
AS 1674.2-2003 Safety in welding and allied processes - Electrical
AS 2205.5.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Macro metallographic test for cross-section examination (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 1101.3-2005 Graphical symbols for general engineering Welding and non-destructive examination
AS 2205.6.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Weld joint hardness test
AS/NZS ISO 3834.4:1999 Quality requirements for welding - Fusion welding of metallic materials Elementary quality requirements
AS/NZS 1995:2003 Welding cables (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS/NZS 2717.1:1996 Welding - Electrodes - Gas metal arc - Ferritic steel electrodes
AS/NZS ISO 3834.3:1999 Quality requirements for welding - Fusion welding of metallic materials Standards quality requirements
AS 1171-1998 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing of ferromagnetic products, components and structures (Reconfirmed 2022)
AS 1336-1982 Recommended practices for eye protection in the industrial environment
AS 2812-1985 Welding, brazing and cutting of metals - Glossary of terms
AS 1163-1991 Structural steel hollow sections
AS/NZS ISO 3834.1:1999 Quality requirements for welding - Fusion welding of metallic materials Guidelines for selection and use
AS/NZS 1337:1992 Eye protectors for industrial applications

AS/NZS 1554.1:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures
AS 2159-1995 Piling - Design and installation
AS 3597-1993 Structural and pressure vessel steel - Quenched and tempered plate
AS 5047-2005 Hydraulic shoring and trench lining equipment
AS 2214-2004 Certification of welding supervisors - Structural steel welding
AS/NZS 1554.2:2003 Structural steel welding Stud welding (steel studs to steel)
AS/NZS 1554.7:2006 Structural steel welding Welding of sheet steel structures
AS 4722-2009 Passenger ropeways and passenger conveyors
AS 3785.8-1994 Underground mining - Shaft equipment Personnel conveyances in other than vertical shafts
AS 1692-2006 Steel tanks for flammable and combustible liquids
AS 3776-2006 Lifting components for Grade T chain slings
AS 4324.1-1995 Mobile equipment for continuous handling of bulk materials - General requirements for the design of steel structures
AS 2809.2-1999 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - Tankers for flammable liquids
AS 4991-2004 Lifting devices
AS 2809.4-2001 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - Tankers for toxic and corrosive cargoes
AS 2809.2-2008 Road tank vehicles for dangerous goods - Road tank vehicles for flammable liquids
AS 2327.1-2003 Composite structures Simply supported beams
AS 3533.1-2009 Amusement rides and devices Design and construction
AS 2980-2004 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels
AS/NZS 1554.5:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures subject to high levels of fatigue loading
AS 3597-2008 Structural and pressure vessel steel - Quenched and tempered plate
AS/NZS 3785.4:2002 Underground mining - Shaft equipment Conveyances for vertical shafts
AS 1448-2007 Carbon steel and carbon-manganese steels - Forgings (ruling section 300 mm maximum)
AS 2550.1-2002 Cranes, hoists and winches - Safe use - General requirements
AS/NZS 2980:2007 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels
AS 3785.7-2006 Underground mining - Shaft equipment Sheaves (Reconfirmed 2023)
AS 2359.1-1995 Powered industrial trucks - General requirements

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