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AWWA C401 : 2003

Withdrawn
Withdrawn

A Withdrawn Standard is one, which is removed from sale, and its unique number can no longer be used. The Standard can be withdrawn and not replaced, or it can be withdrawn and replaced by a Standard with a different number.

THE SELECTION OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PRESSURE PIPE, 4 IN. THROUGH 16 IN. (100 MM THROUGH 400 MM), FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
Withdrawn date

10-07-2008

Published date

01-12-2013

Foreword
I Introduction
I.A Background
I.B History of standard
I.C Acceptance
II Special issues
II.A General
II.B Type of pipe
III Modification to standard
IV Major revisions
V Comments
Standard
1 General
1.1 Scope
1.2 References
1.3 Symbols, abbreviations, and definitions
1.4 Permeation
2 General design
2.1 Strength and design factors
2.2 Combined loading theory
2.3 Three-edge V-shaped bearing load
3 External loads
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Earth loads
3.3 Superimposed loads
4 Hydrostatic pressure
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Static or working pressure
4.3 Surge pressure
5 Design criteria and use of pipe selection charts
5.1 Combined loading curves
5.2 Safety factors
5.3 Use of selection charts
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Illustrative problem on pipe selection
Appendices
A Friction loss of head chart - coefficient of
        flow, C = 140
B Entrapped air
B.1 General
B.2 Entrance of air
B.3 Recommendations to combat air entrapment
Figures
1 Classes of bedding for conduits in trench
2 Load-pressure curve
3 Assembly for three-edge V-shaped crushing
        strength test
4 Classification of construction techniques
5 Values of Cd for trench conditions
6 Embankment conditions
7 Values of Cc for positive projecting pipe
8 Value of Bd/Bc at which the trench and positive
        projecting pipe equations give equal loads
9 Values of Cn for negative projecting pipe and
        imperfect ditch conditions
10A Positive projecting pipe, projection ratio
        p = x/Bc
10B Negative projecting pipe, projection ratio
        p = x/Bd
11 Projection ratio p' for the imperfect trench
        embankment condition
12 Values of CT for tunnel conditions
13 Superimposed loads
14A Selection curves for 4-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14B Selection curves for 6-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14C Selection curves for 8-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14D Selection curves for 10-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14E Selection curves for 12-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14F Selection curves for 14-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14G Selection curves for 16-in. asbestos-cement pipe
14A(m) Selection curves for 100-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14B(m) Selection curves for 150-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14C(m) Selection curves for 200-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14D(m) Selection curves for 250-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14E(m) Selection curves for 300-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14F(m) Selection curves for 350-mm asbestos-cement pipe
14G(m) Selection curves for 400-mm asbestos-cement pipe
Tables
F.1 Asbestos-cement pipe type recommended for
        aggressive internal water
F.2 Aggressiveness of nonsulfate acidic soils to
        asbestos-cement pipe
F.3 Chemical resistance of asbestos-cement pipe to
        neutral (pH = 7.0) soluble sulfates in water and
        soils
F.4 Sulfate aggressiveness in water and soil
1 Recommended safe design values of c for tunnel
        conditions
2 Impact factors F
3 Values of load coefficients Cs for concentrated
        and distributed superimposed loads centred
        vertically over conduit
4 Superimposed (wheel) load - single wheel =
        16,000 lb (7250 kg)
5 Design internal pressure and design external
        load
6 Design external earth load

Determines the correct pressure classification of asbestos cement distribution piped to use under different combinations of internal pressure and external load.

DocumentType
Standard
PublisherName
American Water Works Association
Status
Withdrawn

ASTM C 296/C296M : 2000 : R2015 Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe (Withdrawn 2021)
ASTM C 296/C296M : 2000 : R2009 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe
AWWA C403 : 2005 THE SELECTION OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT TRANSMISSION PIPE THROUGH 42 IN. (450 MM THROUGH 1,050 MM)
AWWA C402 : 2005 ASBESTOS-CEMENT TRANSMISSION PIPE, 18 IN. THROUGH 42 IN. (450 MM THROUGH 1,050 MM), FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE
ASTM C 296 : 2000 Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe
AWWA C603 : 2005 INSTALLATION OF ASBESTOS CEMENT PRESSURE PIPE
ASTM C 296 : 2000 : R2004 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe

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