CSA PLUS 1112 : 2004

Preface
One - Ethical responsibilities
1 Overview
2 General responsibilities
3 Responsibilities to your patients/clients
4 Responsibilities to your co-workers and other health
   care providers
Two - Micro-organisms and infection
1 Overview
2 Positive aspects of micro-organisms
3 Harmful aspects of micro-organisms
   3.1 How micro-organisms cause infections or disease
   3.2 Spread of infection
4 Chain of infection
   4.1 The infectious agent
   4.2 Reservoir
   4.3 Portal of exit
   4.4 Mode of transmission
   4.5 Portal of entry
   4.6 Susceptible host
5 Immunity
   5.1 Resisting infection
   5.2 Specific defence mechanisms
   5.3 Non-specific defence mechanisms
   5.4 External factors affecting immunity
6 Signs and symptoms of an infection
Three - Infection prevention and control
1 What is infection prevention and control?
2 The institutional experience
Four - Infection prevention and control precautions
1 Overview
2 Handwashing
   2.1 Importance of handwashing
   2.2 Recommended handwashing technique
   2.3 Hand sanitizing
3 Gloves
   3.1 When to use gloves
   3.2 Guidelines for using gloves
4 Protective eyewear
5 Masks
   5.1 When to use a mask
   5.2 How to use a mask
6 Aprons and gowns
7 Handling specimens
8 Sharps
Five - Planning for infection prevention and control
1 Overview
2 Primary considerations
3 Procedures
Six - Patient-care area preparation
1 Overview
2 Handling patients/clients
3 Care and cleaning of the physical facilities
4 Sample cleaning schedule
Seven - Reprocessing reusable medical devices and equipment
1 Overview
2 Determining reprocessing requirements
3 Essential reprocessing elements
Eight - Cleaning
1 Overview
2 The cleaning process
   2.1 Sorting
   2.2 Soaking
   2.3 Washing
   2.4 Rinsing
   2.5 Drying
   2.6 Inspecting
   2.7 Lubricating
3 Cleaning problematic devices and materials
   3.1 Instructions and guidelines
   3.2 Crevices
   3.3 Lumens
   3.4 Powered instruments
   3.5 Materials
       3.5.1 Aluminum
       3.5.2 Glassware
       3.5.3 Rubber goods
       3.5.4 Stainless steel
       3.5.5 Textiles
4 Mechanical cleaning
   4.1 Types of washers
   4.2 Mechanical washers
   4.3 Ultrasonic washers
Nine - Disinfection
1 Overview
2 Liquid chemical disinfectants
3 Pasteurization
4 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Ten - Packaging for sterilization
1 Overview
2 Essential criteria
   2.1 Micro-organism barrier
   2.2 Durability
   2.3 Ease of use
   2.4 Seal of integrity
   2.5 Residue-free
   2.6 Flexible and memory-free
   2.7 Hole-free
   2.8 Inert
   2.9 Economy and availability
   2.10 Suitability
3 Packaging materials
   3.1 Types of packaging materials
   3.2 Reusable materials
   3.3 Single-use materials - Paper, plastic, and combinations
4 Wrapping techniques
   4.1 General wrapping techniques
   4.2 Textile wrapping techniques
   4.3 Wrapping with paper/plastic pouches
   4.4 Guidelines for using paper/plastic pouches
   4.5 Single-use material
5 Rigid sterilization containers
6 Labelling
Eleven - Sterilization
1 Overview
2 Sterilization indicators
   2.1 Types of sterilization indicators
   2.2 Interpreting and acting on indicator results
3 Guidelines for sterilization
   3.1 General guidelines for sterilization
   3.2 Guidelines for testing sterilization equipment
       3.2.1 New equipment
       3.2.2 Routine testing
4 Steam sterilization
   4.1 Using steam sterilization
   4.2 Conditions for steam sterilization
   4.3 Common causes of steam sterilization failure
   4.4 Types of steam sterilizers
       4.4.1 Table-top sterilizers
       4.4.2 Table-top sterilizers with a cassette chamber
       4.4.3 Table-top sterilizers with a basket
   4.5 Loading the sterilizer
   4.6 Unloading the sterilizer
   4.7 Monitoring steam sterilization
   4.8 Using BIs with steam sterilizers
   4.9 Cleaning steam sterilizers
   4.10 Maintaining steam sterilizers
5 Dry heat sterilization
   5.1 How dry heat sterilization works
   5.2 Advantages of dry heat sterilization
   5.3 Disadvantages of dry heat sterilization
   5.4 Common causes of dry heat sterilization failure
   5.5 Preparing items for dry heat sterilization
   5.6 Loading dry heat sterilizers
   5.7 Monitoring dry heat sterilization
       5.7.1 Using BIs with dry heat sterilization
       5.7.2 Using CIs with dry heat sterilization
   5.8 Cleaning dry heat sterilizers
   5.9 Maintaining dry heat sterilizers
6 Chemical vapour sterilization
   6.1 When to use chemical vapour sterilization
   6.2 Monitoring chemical vapour sterilization
   6.3 Maintaining chemical vapour sterilizers
7 Liquid chemical sterilization
   7.1 Using liquid chemicals for sterilization
   7.2 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde
   7.3 Peroxyacetic acid
   7.4 Sodium hypochlorite
8 Sterilization record keeping
Twelve - Reuse of single-use medical devices (SUD)
Thirteen - Storage of sterile supplies
1 Overview
2 Basic principles of storing sterile supplies
3 Adapting the basic principles
4 Storing sterile supplies
   4.1 Shelf life
   4.2 Ensuring that sterile packages remain sterile
   4.3 Guidelines for handling sterile medical supplies
   4.4 Dust covers
Fourteen - Medical waste management
1 Overview
2 Medical waste regulations
3 General precautions
4 Medical waste procedures
   4.1 Segregating waste
   4.2 Using garbage bags, closures, and containers
   4.3 Handling waste
   4.4 Maintaining reusable waste containers, carts, and
       storage areas
   4.5 Locating and maintaining long-term storage areas
   4.6 Handling spills
   4.7 Handling blood and body fluid spills
5 Biomedical human and animal anatomical waste
   5.1 Definition
   5.2 Human anatomical waste
   5.3 Animal anatomical waste
6 Contaminated sharps
   6.1 Definition
   6.2 Handling of contaminated sharps
   6.3 Disposal of contaminated sharps
7 Chemical waste
   7.1 Definition
   7.2 Handling of chemical waste
   7.3 Disposal of chemical waste
8 Pharmaceutical waste
   8.1 Definition
   8.2 Reducing pharmaceutical waste
   8.3 Handling and disposal of cytotoxic pharmaceutical waste
       8.3.1 Cytotoxic pharmaceutical waste
       8.3.2 Cleaning up a cytotoxic spill
   8.4 Handling and disposal of non-cytotoxic pharmaceuticals
   8.5 Disposal of narcotics and controlled drugs
9 Radioactive waste
10 Pressurized container waste
   10.1 Definition
   10.2 Handling of pressurized container waste
   10.3 Disposal of pressurized container waste
11 General waste
   11.1 Definition
   11.2 Handling of general waste
   11.3 Disposal of general waste
Fifteen - Occupational health
1 Guidelines for an effective occupational health program
2 Diseases that require work restrictions
Sixteen - Procedures for particular disciplines
1 Chiropody/podiatry
   1.1 General procedures
   1.2 Routine procedures
   1.3 Surgery and treatment of open lesions (ulcers or
       draining wounds)
   1.4 Recommended supplies and equipment
2 Chiropractic office
   2.1 General procedures
   2.2 Recommended supplies and equipment
3 Dental practice
   3.1 General procedures
   3.2 Handling of special equipment and supplies
   3.3 Personal protection
   3.4 Recommended supplies and equipment
4 Electrolysis clinic
   4.1 General procedures
   4.2 Client safety procedures
   4.3 Recommended supplies and equipment
5 Laboratory services
   5.1 General procedures
   5.2 Recommended supplies and equipment for laboratories
6 Medical practice
   6.1 Screening patients for infectious disease
   6.2 Examination area
   6.3 Specific items used in medical practices
   6.4 Recommended supplies and equipment for medical practices
7 Osteopathic practice
   7.1 General procedures
8 Physiotherapy practice
   8.1 General procedures
   8.2 Recommended supplies and equipment
Glossary
Bibliography
Tables
Figures