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AS/NZS 1554.1:2011

AvailableSuperseded
AvailableSuperseded

An Available Superseded Standard is one, which has been made available for a period of time although it has been formally superseded by another Standard. Its availability is maintained where it is referenced in legislation/regulations or in other Standards and its use should be restricted to where so referenced. No responsibility is taken by Intertek Inform as to the ongoing technical validity of such a Standard, the responsibility resting with the referencing authority.

Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF 1 User , PDF 3 Users , PDF 5 Users , PDF 9 Users

Language(s)

English

Published date

06-17-2011

Publisher

Standards Australia

Preview

1 - AS/NZS 1554.1:2011 STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING - WELDING OF STEEL STRUCTURES
4 - PREFACE
5 - CONTENTS
7 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
7 - 1.1 SCOPE
8 - 1.2 EXCLUSIONS
8 - 1.3 INNOVATION
8 - 1.4 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
8 - 1.5 DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS
8 - 1.5.1 Definitions
9 - 1.5.2 Symbols
9 - 1.6 WELD CATEGORIES
9 - 1.7 MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY
9 - 1.7.1 Quality management
10 - 1.7.2 Basic welding requirements
10 - 1.8 SAFETY
10 - 1.8.1 Safety equipment and procedures
10 - 1.8.2 Welding equipment
10 - 1.8.3 Other hazards
11 - SECTION 2 MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
11 - 2.1 PARENT MATERIAL
11 - 2.2 BACKING MATERIAL
11 - 2.3 WELDING CONSUMABLES
11 - 2.3.1 Electrodes and filler wires
12 - 2.3.2 Care of electrodes and filler wires
12 - 2.3.3 Flux
12 - 2.3.4 Shielding gas
13 - SECTION 3 DETAILS OF WELDED CONNECTIONS
13 - 3.1 GENERAL
13 - 3.1.1 Permissible weld types
13 - 3.1.2 Design stresses
13 - 3.1.3 Drawings
13 - 3.2 BUTT WELDS
13 - 3.2.1 Size of weld
13 - 3.2.2 Design throat thickness
14 - 3.2.3 Effective length
14 - 3.2.4 Effective area
14 - 3.2.5 Transition of thickness or width
14 - 3.3 FILLET WELDS
14 - 3.3.1 Size of weld
14 - 3.3.2 Design throat thickness
15 - 3.3.3 Effective length
15 - 3.3.4 Effective area
15 - 3.3.5 Minimum size of fillet welds
15 - 3.3.6 Maximum size of fillet welds along edges
18 - 3.4 COMPOUND WELDS
18 - 3.4.1 Description
19 - 3.4.2 Design throat thickness (DTT)
19 - 3.5 SEAL WELDS
20 - 3.6 PLUG WELDS
20 - 3.7 SLOT WELDS
20 - 3.8 COMBINING STEEL SECTIONS
22 - SECTION 4 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND PERSONNEL
22 - 4.1 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE
22 - 4.1.1 General
22 - 4.1.2 Butt welds
23 - 4.1.3 Fillet welds
24 - 4.1.4 Qualification of multiple welding positions
24 - 4.2 METHODS FOR QUALIFYING A WELDING PROCEDURE
24 - 4.3 PREQUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
25 - 4.4 PORTABILITY OF QUALIFIED WELDING PROCEDURES
25 - 4.5 PREQUALIFIED JOINT PREPARATIONS
25 - 4.5.1 General
25 - 4.5.2 Prequalified complete penetration butt welds
25 - 4.5.3 Prequalified incomplete penetration butt welds
25 - 4.5.4 Prequalified fillet welds
26 - 4.5.5 Additional requirements for welds in hollow section members
32 - 4.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
32 - 4.6.1 Prequalified welding consumables
39 - 4.6.2 Qualification of welding consumables by testing
40 - 4.7 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE BY TESTING
40 - 4.7.1 Method of qualification
41 - 4.7.2 Preparation of special test piece
41 - 4.7.3 Dimensions of test pieces
41 - 4.7.4 Macro test
41 - 4.7.5 Transverse butt tensile test
44 - 4.7.6 Bend test
44 - 4.7.7 Charpy impact test
44 - 4.7.8 Hardness comparison test for parent metal and weld metal
44 - 4.7.9 Hardness test for weld-heat-affected zones
44 - 4.7.10 Retests
44 - 4.8 EXTENSION OF QUALIFICATION
45 - 4.9 COMBINATION OF PROCESSES
45 - 4.10 RECORDS OF TESTS
45 - 4.11 REQUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURES
49 - 4.12 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PERSONNEL
49 - 4.12.1 Welding supervisor
49 - 4.12.2 Welders
53 - SECTION 5 WORKMANSHIP
53 - 5.1 PREPARATION OF EDGES FOR WELDING
53 - 5.1.1 General
53 - 5.1.2 Thermal cutting
53 - 5.2 ASSEMBLY
53 - 5.2.1 General
53 - 5.2.2 Alignment of butt-welded joints
54 - 5.2.3 Alignment of fillet welds and incomplete penetration butt welds
54 - 5.2.4 Separation of a backing material
54 - 5.3 PREHEATING AND INTER-RUN CONTROL
54 - 5.3.1 General
54 - 5.3.2 Need for preheating
55 - 5.3.3 Extent of preheating and cooling after welding
55 - 5.3.4 Determination of preheating temperature
56 - 5.3.5 Inter-run temperature determination
61 - 5.4 WELDING UNDER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
61 - 5.5 TACK WELDS
61 - 5.6 WELD DEPTH-TO-WIDTH RATIO
62 - 5.7 CONTROL OF DISTORTION AND RESIDUAL STRESS
62 - 5.7.1 General
62 - 5.7.2 Stressed parts
62 - 5.7.3 Peening
62 - 5.7.4 Correction of distortion
63 - 5.8 BACKGOUGING AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS IN WELDS
63 - 5.8.1 General
63 - 5.8.2 Removal of weld metal
63 - 5.8.3 Grinding
63 - 5.8.4 Stop starts
64 - 5.9 TEMPORARY ATTACHMENTS
64 - 5.10 ARC STRIKES
64 - 5.11 CLEANING OF FINISHED WELDS
64 - 5.12 DRESSING OF BUTT WELDS
65 - SECTION 6 QUALITY OF WELDS
65 - 6.1 CATEGORIES OF WELDS
65 - 6.2 METHODS OF INSPECTION AND PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF IMPERFECTIONS
65 - 6.2.1 Methods of inspection of completed welds
65 - 6.2.2 Permissible levels of imperfection
65 - 6.2.3 Adjacent imperfections
65 - 6.2.4 Interpretation of tests
70 - 6.3 RADIOGRAPHY
70 - 6.3.1 Method
70 - 6.3.2 IQI sensitivity
70 - 6.3.3 Acceptance limits
71 - 6.4 ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION
71 - 6.4.1 Method
71 - 6.4.2 Evaluation
71 - 6.4.3 Acceptance limits
72 - 6.5 MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
72 - 6.6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
72 - 6.7 WELD DEFECTS
72 - 6.8 REPORTING
73 - SECTION 7 INSPECTION
73 - 7.1 GENERAL
73 - 7.2 QUALIFICATIONS OF INSPECTORS
73 - 7.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF WORK
74 - 7.4 NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OTHER THAN VISUAL
75 - APPENDIX A - NORMATIVE REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
78 - APPENDIX B - BRITTLE FRACTURE
78 - B1 METHODS
78 - B2 NOTCH-DUCTILE RANGE METHOD
78 - B3 DESIGN SERVICE TEMPERATURE
78 - B3.1 General
78 - B3.2 Basic design temperature
78 - B3.3 Modifications to the basic design temperature
79 - B4 MATERIAL SELECTION
79 - B4.1 Selection of steel type
79 - B4.2 Limitations
79 - B4.3 Modification for certain applications
80 - B5 FRACTURE ASSESSMENT
83 - APPENDIX C - TYPICAL FORMS FOR WELDING PROCEDURES
86 - APPENDIX D - MATTERS FOR RESOLUTION
87 - APPENDIX E - WELDED JOINT AND PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
87 - E1 NOTATION FOR JOINT IDENTIFICATION
87 - E2 NOTATION FOR DIMENSIONS, POSITIONS AND BACKING MATERIAL
88 - E3 NOTATION FOR PROCESSES
88 - E4 EXAMPLE
106 - APPENDIX F - WELD PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES TO THE WELDING CONSUMABLE CLASSIFCATION SYSTEM
106 - F1 GENERAL
106 - F2 SYSTEM CHANGES
106 - F2.1 Strength
107 - F2.2 Impact resistance
107 - F2.3 Flux designations (MMAW)
107 - F2.4 Usability designations (FCAW)
107 - F2.5 Positional designations
107 - F2.6 Weld metal hydrogen
108 - F3 EXTENSION OF WELD PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
108 - F4 OTHER PROCESSES
110 - APPENDIX G - TYPICAL MATERIAL GROUPS FOR COMMON STEELS
112 - BIBLIOGRAPHY

Specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings. It is limited to the welding of steel parent material with a specified minimum yield strength not exceeding 500MPa. It does not apply to oxyacetylene, friction, thermit or resistance welding processes or to the welding of pressure vessels or pressure piping.

This Standard specifies requirements for the welding of steel structures made up of combinations of steel plate, sheet or sections, including hollow sections and built-up sections, or castings and forgings, by the following processes:(a) Manual metal-arc welding (MMAW).(b) Submerged arc welding (SAW).(c) Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW or MIG), including pulsed mode.(d) Gas tungsten-arc welding (GTAW or TIG).(e) Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW).(f) Electroslag (including consumable guide) welding (ESW).(g) Electrogas welding (EGW).The Standard is limited to the welding of steel parent material with a specified minimum yield strength not exceeding 500 MPa.The Standard applies to the welding of steelwork in structures complying with AS 3990, AS 4100, AS/NZS 4600 or NZS 3404.1. Where welded joints in these structures are governed by dynamic loading conditions, the Standard applies only to those welded joints that comply with the fatigue provisions of AS 3990, AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1, as limited by Item (ii) below, or the directly equivalent fatigue provisions of other application Standards.Welded joints complying with the above are those that are - (i) not subject to fatigue conditions; or(ii) subject to fatigue conditions, where—(A) the stress range in the welded joint complies with the permissible stress range of stress categories C, D, E or F of AS 3990, or weld categories lower than or equal to detail category 112 of AS 4100 or NZS 3404.1; or(B) the stress range in the welded joint is not greater than 80% of the permissible stress range of stress category B of AS 3990.In addition to the abovementioned structures, the Standard applies to the welding of cranes, hoists and other dynamically loaded structures, the welding of road and pedestrian bridges and the welding of steelwork in applications other than structural.NOTE: Further information on this Standard, is given in WTIA Technical Note 11.

Committee
WD-003
DocumentType
Standard
ISBN
978 0 7337 9873 3
Pages
106
PublisherName
Standards Australia
Status
AvailableSuperseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes
UnderRevision

First published in Australia as AS CA8-1933.Second edition 1939.Revised and redesignated in part as AS Int 352-1952.AS Int 352-1952 and part of AS CA8-1939 revised, amalgamated and redesignated as AS CA8.1-1965.Revised and redesignated in part as AS 1554.1-1974.Second edition 1980. Third edition 1985.Fourth edition 1991.First published in New Zealand in part as NZS 4701:1981.NZS 4704 first published 1994.AS 1554.1-1991, NZS 4701:1981 and NZS 4704:1994 jointly revised, amalgamated and designated AS/NZS 1554.1:1995.Sixth edition 2000.Seventh edition 2004.Eighth edition 2011. Originated in Australia as AS CA8-1933. Originated in New Zealand, in part, as NZS 4701:1981. Previous edition AS/NZS 1554.1:2004. Eighth edition 2011.

AS/NZS 4855:2007 Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification
AS 1796-2001 Certification of welders and welding supervisors (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 2207-2007 Non-destructive testing - Ultrasonic testing of fusion welded joints in carbon and low alloy steel (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS/NZS 1553.2:1999 Covered electrodes for welding - Low and intermediate alloy steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding of carbon steels and low and intermediate alloy steels
AS/NZS ISO 3834.3:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Standard quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2205.5.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Macro metallographic test for cross-section examination (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2074-2003 Cast steels
AS 1450-2007 Steel tubes for mechanical purposes (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS 1817.3-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Calibration of reference blocks
AS/NZS ISO 3834.4:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Elementary quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 1171-1998 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing of ferromagnetic products, components and structures (Reconfirmed 2022)
AS/NZS 1337.0(Int):2010 Personal eye protection - Eye and face protectors - Vocabulary
AS 2214-2004 Certification of welding supervisors - Structural steel welding
AS 2062-1997 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing of products and components
AS 1674.2-2007 Safety in welding and allied processes Electrical (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2865-2009 Confined spaces
AS 2205.6.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Weld joint hardness test
AS/NZS 1337.6:2007 Personal eye protection - Prescription eye protectors against low and medium impact
AS 1470-1986 Health and safety at work - Principles and practices
AS 4100 SUPP 1-1999 Steel structures - Commentary (Supplement to AS 4100-1998)
AS/NZS 4600 SUPP 1:1998 Cold-formed steel structures - Commentary (Supplement to AS/NZS 4600:1996)
AS 2205.3.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse guided bend test (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS/NZS ISO 17632:2006 Welding consumables - Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and non-gas shielded metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification (ISO 17632:2004, MOD) (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS 2314-2006 Radiography of metals - Image quality indicators (IQI) and recommendations for their use
AS/NZS 1553.1:1995 Covered electrodes for welding - Low carbon steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding of carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels
AS 1548-2008 Fine grained, weldable steel plates for pressure equipment (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS/NZS 1554.1:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures
AS/NZS 4600:2005 Cold-formed steel structures
AS 2203.1-1990 Cored electrodes for arc-welding - Ferritic steel electrodes
AS/NZS 1595:1998 Cold-rolled, unalloyed, steel sheet and strip (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS/NZS 1336:1997 Recommended practices for occupational eye protection
AS 1817.2-2002 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Verification of testing machines
AS/NZS 3992:1998 Pressure equipment - Welding and brazing qualification
AS 3990-1993 Mechanical equipment - Steelwork (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 1858.2-1989 Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding - Low and intermediate alloy steels
AS 1817.1-2003 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test Test method (ISO 6507-1:1997, MOD)
AS/NZS 2717.1:1996 Welding - Electrodes - Gas metal arc - Ferritic steel electrodes
AS/NZS ISO 3834.1:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Criteria for the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS/NZS 3678:2011 Structural steel - Hot-rolled plates, floorplates and slabs
AS 4100-1998 Steel structures (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 1101.3-2005 Graphical symbols for general engineering Welding and non-destructive examination
AS/NZS 3679.2:2010 Structural steel Welded I sections
AS 4458-1997 Pressure equipment - Manufacture (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS 2205.7.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Charpy V-notch impact fracture toughness test
AS/NZS 4857:2006 Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high-strength steels - Classification (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS 2812-2005 Welding, brazing and cutting of metals - Glossary of terms (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS 2205.2.1-2003 Methods for destructive testing of welds in metal Transverse butt tensile test
AS/NZS 1594:2002 Hot-rolled steel flat products (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS ISO 13916-2003 Welding - Guide on the measurement of preheating temperature, interpass temperature and preheat maintenance temperature
AS 1674.1-1997 Safety in welding and allied processes Fire precautions (Reconfirmed 2016)
AS/NZS ISO 3834.2:2008 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials Comprehensive quality requirements (Reconfirmed 2018)
AS/NZS 3679.1:2010 Structural steel Hot-rolled bars and sections
AS 3545-2004 Welding positions
AS/NZS 2980:2007 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels
AS 1397-2001 Steel sheet and strip - Hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinc-coated
AS 4882-2003 Shielding gases for welding
AS/NZS 1337.4:2004 Personal eye-protection - Filters and eye-protectors against laser radiation (laser eye-protectors)
AS/NZS 1995:2003 Welding cables (Reconfirmed 2017)
AS/NZS 1163:2009 Cold-formed structural steel hollow sections
AS 60974.1-2006 Arc welding equipment Welding power sources (IEC 60974-1:2000, MOD)
AS/NZS 1167.2:1999 Welding and brazing - Filler metals Filler metal for welding
AS/NZS 1337.5:2004 Personal eye-protection Eye-protectors for adjustment work on lasers and laser systems (laser adjustment eye-protectors)
AS 1858.1-2003 Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels
AS/NZS 1554.5:2004 Structural steel welding Welding of steel structures subject to high levels of fatigue loading
AS 60974.11-2005 Arc welding equipment - Electrode holders
AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 Risk management - Principles and guidelines
AS 2799-1992 Resistance welding equipment - Single-phase a.c. transformer type
AS/NZS 1338.1:1992 Filters for eye protectors Filters for protection against radiation generated in welding and allied operations
AS/NZS 1337.1:2010 Personal eye protection Eye and face protectors for occupational applications
AS 4037-1999 Pressure equipment - Examination and testing (Reconfirmed 2016)

AS/NZS 2980:2018 Qualification of welders for fusion welding of steels - Additional requirements for Australia and New Zealand
AS 1657-2013 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders - Design, construction and installation
AS/NZS 1576.4:2013 Scaffolding Suspended scaffolding
AS 4795.2-2011 Butterfly valves for waterworks purposes Double flanged
AS/NZS 3584.3:2012 Diesel engine systems for underground coal mines Maintenance

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