• There are no items in your cart

ASTM D 5197 : 2016

Superseded
Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by
superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Methodology)
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

06-17-2022

Language(s)

English

Published date

12-04-2016

This test method presents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air.

1.1This test method presents a procedure for the determination of formaldehyde (HCHO) and other carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in air. Other carbonyl compounds that have been successfully quantified by this method include acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal (propionaldehyde), 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, hexanal, and 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.

1.2This test method involves drawing air through a cartridge containing silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) reagent. Carbonyl compounds readily form stable derivatives with the DNPH reagent. The DNPH derivatives are analyzed for parent aldehydes and ketones utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sampling procedure is a modification of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A (see 2.2).

1.3This test method is based on the specific reaction of carbonyl compounds with DNPH in the presence of an acid to form stable derivatives according to the reaction shown in Fig. 1, (where: both R and R1 are alkyl or aromatic groups (ketones), or either, or both R or R1 is a hydrogen atom (aldehydes)). The determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds, as DNPH derivatives, is similar to that of U.S. EPA Method TO-11A in that it utilizes HPLC with UV detection as the analytical finish. The applicability of this test method is extended beyond the stated applicability of TO-11A to include other carbonyl compounds that can be determined as stated in 10.2.4. This test method is suitable for determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in the concentration range from approximately 10 ppb to 1 ppm (v/v). Lower concentrations may be determined with careful control of contamination, appropriate selection of flow rate and sampling duration.

1.4The sampling method gives a time-weighted average (TWA) sample. It can be used for long-term (1 to 24 h) or short-term (5 to 60 min) sampling of air for formaldehyde. Shorter sampling times or low flow rates will result in higher detection limits and may result in greater variation in co-located sampler results. Tests should be performed over a duration and a flow rate that allows the data quality objective of the project to be achieved. Sample times for other carbonyls, such as acetaldehyde, may be limited to short term (1).2 The data provides total concentrations of carbonyl compounds from which time weighted average concentrations can be calculated.

1.5This test method instructs the user on how to prepare sampling cartridges from commercially available chromatographic grade silica gel cartridges3 by the application of acidified DNPH to each cartridge.

1.6The sampling flow rate, as described in this test method, has been validated for sampling rates up to 1.5 L/min for formaldehyde. This flow rate limitation is principally due to the high pressure drop (>8 kPa at 1.0 L/min) across the user prepared silica gel cartridges which have a particle size of 55 to 105 µm. These cartridges are not generally compatible with battery-powered pumps used in personal sampling equipment (for example, those used by industrial hygienists).

1.7Alternatively, pre-coated DNPH silica gel cartridges are also commercially available and may be substituted provided they can be demonstrated to perform equivalently (2). Some of these use silica gel of a larger particle size that results in a lower pressure drop across the cartridge. These low pressure drop cartridges may be more suitable for sampling air using battery-powered personal sampling pumps.

1.8The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.9This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Committee
D 22
DocumentType
Test Method
Pages
16
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

ASTM D 8142 : 2017 Standard Test Method for Determining Chemical Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation using Micro-Scale Environmental Test Chambers
ASTM E 1333 : 2014 Standard Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air and Emission Rates from Wood Products Using a Large Chamber
ASTM D 6007 : 2014 Standard Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air from Wood Products Using a Small-Scale Chamber
ASTM D 7143 : 2017 Standard Practice for Emission Cells for the Determination of Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products
ASTM D 6670 : 2018 Standard Practice for Full-Scale Chamber Determination of Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products
ASTM D 6177 : 2014 Standard Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
ASTM D 7297 : 2014 Standard Practice for Evaluating Residential Indoor Air Quality Concerns
ASTM D 7339 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Carpet using a Specific Sorbent Tube and Thermal Desorption / Gas Chromatography
ASTM D 7911 : 2014 Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
ASTM D 7706 : 2017 Standard Practice for Rapid Screening of VOC Emissions from Products Using Micro-Scale Chambers
ASTM D 6803 : 2013 Standard Practice for Testing and Sampling of Volatile Organic Compounds (Including Carbonyl Compounds) Emitted from Paint Using Small Environmental Chambers
ASTM E 800 : 2020 Standard Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
ASTM D 7297 : 2021 Standard Practice for Evaluating Residential Indoor Air Quality Concerns
ASTM D 7911 : 2019 Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
ASTM D 6803 : 2019 Standard Practice for Testing and Sampling of Volatile Organic Compounds (Including Carbonyl Compounds) Emitted from Architectural Coatings Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers
ASTM D 6177 : 2019 Standard Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
ASTM D 8407 : 2021 Standard Guide for Measurement Techniques for Formaldehyde in Air
ASTM D 8142 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Determining Chemical Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation using Micro-Scale Environmental Test Chambers
ASTM D 6399 : 2018 Standard Guide for Selecting Instruments and Methods for Measuring Air Quality in Aircraft Cabins

ASTM D 3686 : 2008 Standard Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Organic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method)
ASTM D 3195 : 1990 : R2004 Standard Practice for Rotameter Calibration
ASTM D 1356 : 2015 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1193 : 1977 : R1983 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 1356 : 2017 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 3631 : 1999 : R2004 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D 3686 : 2013 Standard Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Organic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method)
ASTM D 1356 : 2015 : REV B Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2011 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 3686 : 1995 Standard Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Organic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method)
ASTM D 1356 : 2014 : REV A Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 3631 : 1999 : R2007 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D 1193 : 1991 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 3631 : 1999 : R2011 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D 1356 : 2015 : REV A Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1356 : 2005 : R2010 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1356 : 2020 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1356 : 2000 : REV A Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1193 : 1970 Standard Specification For Reagent Water
ASTM D 1356 : 2014 : REV B Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1356 : 2014 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 1193 : 1999 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM E 682 : 1992 : R2000 Standard Practice for Liquid Chromatography Terms and Relationships
ASTM D 1356 : 2005 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2018 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 3631 : 1999 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D 3631 : 1999 : R2017 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Surface Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D 3195 : 1990 : R1998 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Rotameter Calibration

View more information
US$83.00
Excluding Tax where applicable

Access your standards online with a subscription

Features

  • Simple online access to standards, technical information and regulations.

  • Critical updates of standards and customisable alerts and notifications.

  • Multi-user online standards collection: secure, flexible and cost effective.