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AWS C4.4/C4.4M : 2007

Current
Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR HEAT SHAPING AND STRAIGHTENING WITH OXYFUEL GAS HEATING TORCHES
Published date

01-01-2007

Personnel
Foreword
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Scope
2. Normative References
3. Terms and Definitions
4. Theory of Heat Shaping
5. Distortion
6. Fundamentals and Precautions
7. Equipment and Supplies
    7.1 Standard Equipment
    7.2 Special Equipment
    7.3 Oxygen Supply
    7.4 Fuel Supply
    7.5 Maximum Acetylene Pressure
    7.6 Pressure Regulators
    7.7 Hoses and Fittings
    7.8 Heating Torches
    7.9 Heating Tip/Head
    7.10 Maintenance of Heating Tips or Heads
    7.11 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
    7.12 Safe Use, Handling, and Storage of Gas
         Cylinders
8. Startup and Shutdown Procedure
    8.1 Setting Up Equipment
    8.2 Lighting the Torch
    8.3 Equipment Shutdown
    8.4 Equipment Not in Use
    8.5 Reuse of Equipment Already Connected
9. Flame Adjustment
    9.1 Types of Flames
    9.2 Flashback Arrestors and Check Valves
10. General Technique
11. Procedures for General Applications
    11.1 Mechanically Restrained Structures
    11.2 Freestanding Unrestrained Members
    11.3 Shaping of Plate
    11.4 Flattening Plates
    11.5 Plate Tightening
12. Procedures for Specific Applications
    12.1 Bending of Flat Bar, V Heat
    12.2 Bending of Channel, V Heat
    12.3 Bending of Beams
    12.4 Bending of Angle
    12.5 Bending of T Sections
    12.6 Bending of Plate
    12.7 Pipe
13. Line Heating and Flame Bending in Shipyards
    13.1 Background
    13.2 Basic Concepts
    13.3 Planning and Methods
    13.4 Recommended Practices
    13.5 Code Compliance
    13.6 Conclusions
14. Safety and Health
Annex A (Informative) - Informative References
Annex B (Informative) - Fuel Gas Withdrawal Rates
Annex C (Informative) - Guidelines for the Preparation of
                        Technical Inquiries
List of AWS Documents on Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting

Explains some causes of distortion and corrective actions through the use of heat. It also explains some heat shaping techniques and the direction of movement expected in the heated metal.

DocumentType
Standard
PublisherName
American Welding Society
Status
Current
SupersededBy

AWS C4.6M : 2006 THERMAL CUTTING - CLASSIFICATION OF THERMAL CUTS - GEOMETRIC PRODUCT SPECIFICATION AND QUALITY TOLERANCES
AWS C4.6M:2006(R2012) THERMAL CUTTING - CLASSIFICATION OF THERMAL CUTS - GEOMETRIC PRODUCT SPECIFICATION AND QUALITY TOLERANCES

AWS WHB.1.9 : 2001 WELDING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, WELDING HANDBOOK, 9TH ED., VOL 1
CGA E 5 : 2017 OXY-FUEL TORCH STANDARD
CGA E 1 : 2016 STANDARD FOR RUBBER WELDING HOSE AND HOSE CONNECTIONS FOR GAS WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
AWS C4.2/C4.2M : 2009 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR OXYFUEL GAS CUTTING TORCH OPERATION
ISO 3821:2008 Gas welding equipment Rubber hoses for welding, cutting and allied processes
AISC 325 : 2017 STEEL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
AWS OWS : 1990 OXYFUEL GAS WELDING, CUTTING, AND HEATING SAFELY
AWS D1.2/D1.2M : 2014 STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - ALUMINUM
AWS A3.0 : 0 STANDARD WELDING TERMS AND DEFINITIONS - INCLUDING TERMS FOR ADHESIVE BONDING, BRAZING, SOLDERING, THERMAL CUTTING, AND THERMAL SPRAYING
NFPA 51 : 2018 DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF OXYGEN-FUEL GAS SYSTEMS FOR WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
AWS SP : 1988 SAFE PRACTICES
ANSI Z49.1 : 2012 SAFETY IN WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
AWS D1.1/D1.1M : 2015 STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE-STEEL
ISO 5175:1987 Equipment used in gas welding, cutting and allied processes Safety devices for fuel gases and oxygen or compressed air General specifications, requirements and tests
AWS F4.1 : 2007 SAFE PRACTICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF CONTAINERS AND PIPING FOR WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
ARPM IP7 : 2016 SPECIFICATIONS FOR RUBBER WELDING HOSE
AWS D1.5M/D1.5 : 2015 BRIDGE WELDING CODE
AWS C4.3/C4.3M : 2004 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFE AND OXYFUEL GAS HEATING TORCH OPERATION

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