API Foreword
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
5 Barite
   5.1 Principle
   5.2 Reagents and apparatus
   5.3 Sampling
   5.4 Calculation of moisture content
   5.5 Sieve analysis
   5.6 Sedimentation analysis
6 Barite performance
   6.1 Principle
   6.2 Reagents and apparatus
   6.3 Base drilling fluid preparation
   6.4 Rheology test
   6.5 Calculation
7 Abrasiveness of weighting materials
   7.1 Principle
   7.2 Reagents and apparatus
   7.3 Determination of abrasion
8 Mercury in drilling fluid barite
   8.1 Principle
   8.2 Reagents and apparatus
   8.3 Preparation of standards
   8.4 Sample digestion
   8.5 Check for recovery of Hg during digestion
   8.6 Analysis of standards and samples
   8.7 Calculation
9 Cadmium and lead in drilling fluid barite
   9.1 Principle
   9.2 Reagents and apparatus
   9.3 Preparation of combined cadmium and lead standards
   9.4 Sample digestion
   9.5 Analysis of standards and samples
   9.6 Calculation
10 Arsenic in drilling fluid barite
   10.1 Principle
   10.2 Reagents and apparatus
   10.3 Preparation of standards
   10.4 Sample digestion
   10.5 Analysis of standards and samples
   10.6 Calculation
11 Bridging materials for regaining circulation
   11.1 Principle
   11.2 Apparatus
   11.3 Preparation of test drilling fluid
   11.4 Static slot test
   11.5 Dynamic slot test
   11.6 Static marble bed test
   11.7 Dynamic marble bed test
   11.8 Static ball bearings (BB shot) bed test
   11.9 Dynamic ball bearings (BB shot) bed test
12 Filtration-control agents
   12.1 Principle
   12.2 Reagents and apparatus
   12.3 General instructions for preparation of base
         drilling fluids
   12.4 Salt-saturated drilling fluid
   12.5 High-hardness, salt-saturated drilling fluid
   12.6 10% potassium chloride (KCl) drilling fluid
   12.7 Pre-hydrated bentonite slurry
   12.8 Modified seawater drilling fluid
   12.9 Low-salinity drilling fluid
   12.10 Lime-treated drilling fluid
   12.11 Low solids, non-dispersed drilling fluid
   12.12 Freshwater lignosulfonate drilling fluid
   12.13 Initial performance test
   12.14 Performance after heat ageing
13 Methylene blue test for drilled solids and commercial
   bentonite
   13.1 Methylene blue capacity of drill solids
   13.2 Methylene blue capacity of commercial bentonite
   13.3 Solids content
14 Deflocculation test for thinner evaluation
   14.1 Principle
   14.2 Reagents and apparatus
   14.3 Procedure for moisture content
   14.4 Calculation of moisture content
   14.5 Preparation of drilling fluid base
   14.6 Calculation
   14.7 Determination of rheological properties
   14.8 Calculation of thinner efficiency
15 Testing base oils used in drilling fluids
   15.1 General
   15.2 Reagents and apparatus
   15.3 Density, relative density (specific gravity), or
         API gravity-hydrometer method
   15.4 Density and relative density of liquids using a
         digital density meter
   15.5 Kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque oils -
         Calibrated capillary tube method
   15.6 Distillation
   15.7 Aniline point and mixed aniline point
   15.8 Pour point
   15.9 Flash point by Pensky-Martens closed tester
   15.10 Aromatics content
16 Potassium ion content - Ion-selective electrode method
   16.1 Principle
   16.2 Reagents and apparatus
   16.3 Preparation of electrodes
   16.4 Operational check of electrode system
   16.5 Measurements using a meter with direct concentration
         readout capability
   16.6 Measurements with instruments that provide either
         a digital or an analogue readout in millivolts
17 Calcium ion content - Ion-selective electrode method
   17.1 Principle
   17.2 Reagents and apparatus
   17.3 Preparation of electrodes
   17.4 Operational check of electrode system
   17.5 Measurements using a meter with direct concentration
         readout capability
   17.6 Measurements with instruments that provide either
         a digital or an analogue readout in millivolts
18 Sodium ion content - Ion-selective electrode method
   18.1 Principle
   18.2 Reagents and apparatus
   18.3 Preparation and operational check of the electrode
         system
   18.4 Measurements using a meter with a direct
         concentration-readout capability
   18.5 Measurements using a meter with readout in millivolts
19 Density of solids - Stereopycnometer method
   19.1 Principle
   19.2 Apparatus
   19.3 Procedure - Stereopycnometer method
   19.4 Calculation - Stereopycnometer method
20 Density of solids - Air comparison pycnometer method
   20.1 Principle
   20.2 Apparatus
   20.3 Procedure - Air comparison pycnometer method
   20.4 Calculation - Air comparison pycnometer method
21 Ageing of water-based drilling fluids
   21.1 Principle
   21.2 Practices common to preparation, handling and
         testing over all temperature ranges
   21.3 Drilling fluid sample preparation and ageing
         at ambient temperature
   21.4 Drilling fluid ageing at moderate temperatures
         [ambient to 65 degree C (150 degree F)]
   21.5 Drilling fluid ageing at substantially elevated
         temperatures [over 65 degree C (150 degree F)]
   21.6 Inertness and chemical compatibility in
         high-temperature ageing cells
   21.7 Obtaining supplies and services for the ageing
         of drilling fluid samples
22 Ageing of oil-based drilling fluids
   22.1 Principle
   22.2 Apparatus
   22.3 Practices common to preparation, handling and
         testing over all temperature ranges
   22.4 Drilling fluid ageing at ambient temperatures
   22.5 Drilling fluid ageing at moderate temperatures
         [ambient to 65 degree C (150 degree F)]
   22.6 Drilling fluid ageing at substantially elevated
         temperatures [over 65 degree C (150 degree F)]
   22.7 Inertness and chemical compatibility in
         high-temperature ageing cells
   22.8 Obtaining supplies and services for the
         ageing of drilling fluid samples
23 Shale-particle disintegration test by hot rolling
   23.1 Principle
   23.2 Reagents and apparatus
   23.3 Procedure
   23.4 Calculation
24 Drilling fluid materials - High-viscosity polyanionic
   cellulose (PAC-HV) (regular)
   24.1 Principle
   24.2 Determination of moisture content
   24.3 Procedures with test fluid containing PAC-HV
25 Drilling fluid materials - Low-viscosity polyanionic
   cellulose (PAC-LV)
   25.1 Principle
   25.2 Determination of moisture content
   25.3 Procedures with test fluid containing PAC-LV
26 Preparation and evaluation of invert-emulsion drilling fluids
   26.1 Principle
   26.2 Reagents and apparatus
   26.3 Mixing of the initial drilling fluid
   26.4 Testing the properties of the initial drilling fluid
   26.5 Preparation of the sample contaminated by seawater
   26.6 Preparation of the sample contaminated by base
         evaluation clay
   26.7 Preparation of the sample contaminated by
         mixed-salt brine
   26.8 Procedure for hot-rolling
   26.9 Procedure for static ageing
   26.10 Procedure for testing after heat ageing
27 High-temperature/high-pressure filtration testing
   of drilling fluids using the permeability plugging
   apparatus and cells with set-screw-secured end caps
   27.1 Principle
   27.2 Safety considerations
   27.3 Apparatus - Permeability-plugging apparatus
         (PPA) with set-screw-secured end caps
   27.4 Procedure for high-temperature/high-pressure
         (HTHP) filtration
   27.5 Test conclusion and disassembly
   27.6 Data reporting
28 High-temperature/high-pressure filtration testing
   of drilling fluids using the permeability-plugging
   apparatus and cells with threaded end caps
   28.1 Principle
   28.2 Safety considerations
   28.3 Apparatus - Permeability-plugging apparatus (PPA)
         with threaded end caps
   28.4 Procedure for high-temperature/high-pressure
        (HTHP) filtration
   28.5 Test conclusion and disassembly
   28.6 Data reporting
Bibliography