API 4671 : 1998
Withdrawn
A Withdrawn Standard is one, which is removed from sale, and its unique number can no longer be used. The Standard can be withdrawn and not replaced, or it can be withdrawn and replaced by a Standard with a different number.
TECHNICAL BULLETIN ON OXYGEN RELEASING MATERIALS FOR IN-SITU GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION
Hardcopy , PDF
02-01-2024
English
07-01-1998
1. Introduction
2. Scientific basis for the technology
The role of oxygen in in situ
bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons
Oxygen requirement for aerobic respiration
Role of oxygen in natural attenuation
Natural sources of oxygen
Role of oxygen in enhanced bioremediation
3. Oxygen releasing materials
What are oxygen releasing materials?
Common modes of ORM application
Mechanism of oxygen release from ORM
Timing of oxygen release
Factors affecting oxygen transport and distribution
Advection
Dispersion
Diffusion
Retardation
Chemical and microbiological reactions
4. Design approach
On-site treatment of contaminant plume
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Prevention of off-site plume migration
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Cost estimates for ORM installations
Monitoring program
5. Example design calculations
Example calculation No. 1
Example calculation No. 2
Example calculation No. 3
Example calculation No. 4
6. Annotated bibliography
Additional references
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