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    AS 1391-1991

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    Methods for tensile testing of metals

    Available format(s):  Hardcopy, PDF 1 User, PDF 3 Users, PDF 5 Users, PDF 9 Users

    Superseded date:  04-04-2023

    Language(s): 

    Published date:  01-01-1991

    Publisher:  Standards Australia

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    1 - AS 1391-1991 METHODS FOR TENSILE TESTING OF METALS
    4 - PREFACE
    5 - CONTENTS
    6 - 1 SCOPE
    6 - 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
    6 - 3 DEFINITIONS
    6 - 3.1 Elongation
    6 - 3.2 Extension
    6 - 3.3 Extensometer
    6 - 3.4 Gauge length
    7 - 3.5 Maximum force (Fm )
    7 - 3.6 Percentage reduction of area after fracture
    7 - 3.7 Permanent set stress (Rr)
    7 - 3.8 Proof elongation
    7 - 3.9 Proof stress
    7 - 3.10 Proving test
    7 - 3.11 Strain
    7 - 3.12 Stress
    7 - 3.13 Tensile strength (Rm)
    7 - 3.14 Test piece
    7 - 3.15 Test sample
    7 - 3.16 Test specimen
    7 - 3.17 Yield
    8 - 4 NOTATION
    8 - 5 SELECTION, POSITION AND PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES
    8 - 5.1 General
    8 - 5.2 Selection and positioning of test pieces
    10 - 5.3 Separation of test specimen and test piece from test sample
    10 - 5.4 Straightening test specimens or test pieces
    10 - 5.5 Surface finish of test piece
    10 - 5.6 Removal or retention of surface coatings or layers
    10 - 6 DIMENSIONS OF TEST PIECES
    10 - 6.1 General
    11 - 6.2 Proportional test pieces of circular cross-section
    11 - 6.3 Test pieces of rectangular cross-section
    12 - 6.4 Product section test pieces
    12 - 6.5 Test pieces from tube
    13 - 6.6 Gripped ends
    13 - 7 DETERMINATION OF CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA
    13 - 7.1 Accuracy of measurement
    13 - 7.2 For unmachined bar and uniformly parallel sections
    13 - 7.3 For curved test pieces
    13 - 7.4 For full-section round tubing
    13 - 8 GAUGE LENGTH
    13 - 8.1 Original gauge length
    13 - 8.2 Extensometer gauge length
    13 - 9 METHODS OF GRIPPING
    14 - 10 TEMPERATURE OF TEST PIECE
    14 - 11 ACCURACY OF TESTING EQUIPMENT
    14 - 11.1 General
    14 - 11.2 Force-measuring system
    14 - 11.3 Extensometer
    14 - 12 STRAIN RATE
    14 - 12.1 General
    14 - 12.2 Elastic strain rate
    15 - 12.3 Plastic strain rate
    15 - 13 DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE POSITION
    15 - 13.1 General
    15 - 13.2 For acceptance testing
    16 - 14 DETERMINATION OF YIELD STRESSES (ReH , ReL)
    16 - 14.1 Specified properties
    16 - 14.2 Methods
    16 - 14.3 Alternative values
    16 - 15 DETERMINATION OF PROOF STRESSES (Rp , Rt)
    16 - 15.1 General
    16 - 15.2 Proof stress (non-proportional elongation) (Rp )
    16 - 15.3 Proof stress (total elongation) (Rt)
    16 - 15.4 Alternative values
    16 - 16 DETERMINATION OF PERMANENT SET STRESS (Rr)
    17 - 17 PROVING TEST FOR PERMANENT SET STRESS
    17 - 18 DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH (Rmm)
    17 - 19 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ELONGATION AFTER FRACTURE (A)
    17 - 19.1 General
    17 - 19.2 Use of conversion equation
    17 - 19.3 Fractures outside the central zone
    17 - 20 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE REDUCTION OF AREA (Z)
    17 - 20.1 General
    18 - 21 RECORD OF RESULTS
    18 - 22 TEST REPORT
    19 - APPENDIX A - PURCHASING GUIDELINES
    19 - A1 GENERAL
    19 - A2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER
    20 - APPENDIX B - NOTES ON THE DETERMINATION OF YIELD STRESSES AND PROOF STRESSES
    20 - B1 OBSERVATIONS ON FORCE-EXTENSION DIAGRAMS
    22 - B2 UPPER AND LOWER YIELD STRESSES
    22 - B3 NON-PROPORTIONAL AND TOTAL ELONGATION PROOF STRESSES
    22 - B4 COLD-STRAIGHTENED TEST PIECES
    22 - B5 SLOPE OF ELASTIC SECTION OF CURVE
    24 - APPENDIX C - NOTES ON STRAIN RATE CONTROL FOR THE DETERMINATION OF YIELD STRESS, PROOF STRESS AND PERMANENT SET STRESS
    24 - C1 GENERAL
    24 - C2 MEASUREMENT OF STRAIN RATE
    24 - C3 MACHINE AND TEST PIECE BEHAVIOUR DURING TEST
    25 - C4 STRAIN RATE CATEGORIES
    26 - C5 METHODS OF CONTROL OF STRAIN RATE
    26 - C5.1 By servo control
    26 - C5.2 By the use of a strain rate meter
    26 - C5.3 By control of grip separation rate
    26 - C6 CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT USED TO PERFORM TESTING AT HIGH SUPPLEMENTARY STRAIN RATES
    26 - C6.1 The force measuring system
    26 - C6.2 Extensometer
    27 - C7 DISCONTINUOUS YIELDING
    27 - C8 STORED ENERGY AND ENERGY RELEASE AT YIELD
    28 - APPENDIX D - ERRORS DUE TO THE USE OF SIMPLIFIED EQUATIONS IN THE DETERMINATION OF CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF LONGITUDINAL TUBE
    29 - APPENDIX E - GUIDANCE ON DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ELONGATION AFTER FRACTURE
    29 - E1 MARKING OF GAUGE LENGTHS
    29 - E2 MEASUREMENT
    29 - E3 SURFACE FINISH
    30 - APPENDIX F - GUIDANCE FOR PRODUCT STANDARDS DRAFTING COMMITTEES

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Sets out requirements for test pieces and specifies methods for the uni-axial tensile testing of metals at room temperature to determine tensile strength, yield, proof and permanent set stresses and percentage elongation and reduction of area. It specifies a standard strain rate but allows the use of four supplementary strain rate categories for special test applications.

    Scope - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    This Standard sets out methods by which a test piece of metal is strained in uni-axial tension at room temperature in order to determine one or more of its tensile properties. It defines the properties to be determined and the terms used in describing tests and test pieces. The Standard also specifies the dimensions of standard test pieces and methods for tensile testing a wide range of product forms. This Standard does not cover through thickness tensile tests, tensile tests at elevated temperature (see AS 2291), the determination of uniform elongation (see AS 2346), or the measurement of plastic strain ratio (see AS 2403).NOTES:1 The properties which are to be determined and the criteria for assessment of the results of tests are not included; they should be set out in the relevant product Standard.2 Advice and recommendations on information to be supplied by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and order for the testing to be performed are contained in Appendix A.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Committee MT-006
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher Standards Australia
    Status Superseded
    Superseded By
    Supersedes
    Under Revision

    History - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    First published as AS A23-1928 (being endorsement of BS 18-1910 without amendment).Second edition 1960 (being endorsement of BS 18-1956 subject to Australian amendment).Third edition 1964 (being endorsement of BS 18-1962 subject to Australian amendment).AS A23-1964 revised and redesignated AS 1391-1974.Second edition 1991. First published as AS A23-1928 (being endorsement of BS 18-1910 without amendment). Second edition 1960 (being endorsement of BS 18-1956 subject to Australian amendment). Third edition 1964 (being endorsement of BS 18-1962 subject to Australian amendment). AS A23-1964 revised and redesignated AS 1391-1974. Second edition 1991.

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