1 - AS 2291-1979 METHODS FOR THE TENSILE TESTING OF METALS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES
4 - PREFACE
4 - CONTENTS
5 - FOREWORD
5 - METHODS
5 - 1 SCOPE.
5 - 2 DEFINITIONS.
5 - 2.1 Test sample
5 - 2.2 Test specimen
5 - 2.3 Test piece
5 - 2.4 Gauge length
5 - 2.5 Strain
5 - 2.6 Extension
5 - 2.7 Elongation
5 - 2.8 Percentage reduction of area after fracture
5 - 2.9 Maximum force
6 - 2.10 Stress
6 - 2.11 Tensile strength
6 - 2.12 Proof stress.
6 - 2.13 Yield stress
6 - 2.14 Test temperature
6 - 3 SYMBOLS AND DESIGNATIONS.
6 - 4 TEST PIECES.
6 - 4.1 General.
6 - 4.2 Proportional Test Pieces.
6 - 4.3 Test Pieces for Wire, Rod and Bar.
7 - 4.4 Test Pieces of Full Product Thickness for Flat Products.
7 - 4.5 Test Pieces from Tube.
7 - 5 SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEST PIECES.
7 - 5.1 General.
7 - 5.2 Selection of Test Specimen from Test Sample.
7 - 5.3 Position of Test Pieces.
7 - 5.4 Preparation of Test Pieces.
10 - 6 CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA.
10 - 6.1 Accuracy of Measurement.
10 - 6.2 Unmachined Bar and Uniformly Parallel Sections.
10 - 6.3 Curved Test Piece.
11 - 7 ORIGINAL GAUGE LENGTH.
11 - 7.1 Proportional Test Piece.
11 - 7.2 Non-proportional Test Piece.
11 - 7.3 Extensometer Gauge Length.
11 - 7.4 Elongation.
11 - 8 METHOD OF GRIPPING.
11 - 8.1 General.
11 - 8.2 Free Length.
11 - 8.3 Thin Flat Test Pieces.
11 - 8.4 Wire.
11 - 8.5 Application of Force.
11 - 8.6 Test Pieces Cut Longitudinally from Tube.
11 - 9 ACCURACY OF TESTING EQUIPMENT.
11 - 9.1 Force Measurement.
11 - 9.2 Strain Measurement.
12 - 9.3 Temperature Measurement.
12 - 10 HEATING OF THE TEST PIECE.
12 - 10.1 Apparatus.
12 - 10.2 Measurement of Temperature.
12 - 10.3 Tolerance on Temperature.
12 - 10.4 Procedure.
12 - 11 STRAINING OF THE TEST PIECE.
12 - 11.1 General.
12 - 11.2 Straining Rate.
13 - 11.3 Recording of Extension.
13 - 12 DETERMINATION OF YIELD STRESSES.
13 - 12.1 Methods.
13 - 12.2 Alternative Values.
13 - 13 DETERMINATION OF PROOF STRESS.
13 - 13.1 General.
13 - 13.2 Proof Stress (Non-proportional Elongation)
13 - 13.3 Proof Stress (Total Elongation)
13 - 14 DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH
13 - 14.1 General.
13 - 14.2 Tensile Strength.
13 - 15 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ELONGATION AFTER FRACTURE.
13 - 15.1 General.
13 - 15.2 Use of Formula.
13 - 15.3 Validity of Results.
13 - 16 DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE REDUCTION OF AREA AFTER FRACTURE.
13 - 17 RECORD OF RESULTS.
14 - 18 REPORT.
15 - APPENDIX A - GUIDANCE ON HEATING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
15 - A1 SCOPE.
15 - A2 AIR STABILITY.
15 - A3 EXTENSOMETERS.
15 - A4 THERMOCOUPLES.
15 - A5 HEATING AND SOAKING TIME.
16 - APPENDIX B - OBSERVATIONS ON FORCE/EXTENSION DIAGRAMS
18 - APPENDIX C - GUIDANCE ON THE DESIGN AND USE OF HEATING APPARATUS
19 - APPENDIX D - RECORD OF RESULTS
20 - APPENDIX E - GUIDANCE FOR PRODUCT STANDARDS DRAFTING COMMITTEES