AS/NZS 2176.1:1996

1 - AS/NZS 2176.1:1996 PRIMARY BATTERIES - GENERAL (BASED ON AND INCLUDING THE FULL TEXT OF IEC 86-1)
4 - PREFACE
6 - CONTENTS
7 - 1. Scope
7 - 2. Basic definitions
7 - 2.1 Primary battery
7 - 2.2 Dry cell or battery
7 - 2.3 Off–load voltage
7 - 2.4 On–load voltage
7 - 2.5 Nominal voltage
7 - 2.6 End–point voltage
7 - 2.7 Discharge
8 - 2.8 Polarization
8 - 2.9 Service output
8 - 2.10 Storage life
8 - 2.11 Internal resistance and impedance
8 - 2.12 Terminals
9 - 2.13 Application test
9 - 2.14 Conformance test
9 - 2.15 Minimum average duration
9 - 2.16 Minimum duration
10 - 3. Nomenclature
10 - 3.1 Section 1
10 - 3.1.1 Cells
13 - 3.1.2 Electrochemical system
14 - 3.1.3 Batteries
14 - 3.1.4 Examples:
14 - 3.2 Section 2
14 - 3.2.1 Round batteries
19 - 3.2.2 Non–round batteries
21 - 3.2.3 Ambiguity
23 - 4. Battery dimensions
23 - 4.1 Definition by dimensions
23 - 4.2 Definition by gauge
24 - 4.3 Examples
26 - 5. Terminals
26 - 5.1 Cap and base
26 - 5.2 Cap and case
26 - 5.2.1 Contact pressure resistance
26 - 5.3 Screw terminals
26 - 5.3.1 Metal nuts
26 - 5.3.2 Insulated nuts
26 - 5.4 Flat contacts
27 - 5.5 Flat or spiral springs
27 - 5.6 Plug–in sockets
27 - 5.7 Snap–fasteners
27 - 5.7.1 Standard stud
28 - 5.7.2 Miniature stud
28 - 5.8 Wire
28 - 5.9 Spring clips
28 - 6. Marking
28 - 6.1 General
28 - 6.2 Small batteries
28 - 6.3 Marking of batteries regarding method of disposal
30 - 7. General design conditions
30 - 7.1 Dimensional stability
31 - 7.2 Leakage
31 - 7.3 Terminals
31 - 7.4 Magnetic properties
31 - 7.5 Off–load voltage limits
31 - 8. Conditions of tests
31 - 8.1 Sampling
31 - 8.1.1 Testing by attributes
31 - 8.1.2 Testing by variables
32 - 8.2 Environmental conditions
32 - 8.2.1 Temperature
32 - 8.2.2 Relative humidity
32 - 8.3 Discharge conditions
32 - 8.3.1 Environmental conditions
32 - 8.3.2 Storage before discharge
33 - 8.3.3 Resistance
33 - 8.3.4 Time periods
33 - 8.3.5 Determination of service output
34 - 8.3.6 Voltage measurement
34 - 8.3.7 Activation of “P”– system batteries
34 - 8.4 Leakage and deformation determination
34 - 8.5 Acceptance tests
34 - 8.6 Methods of determining discharge test conditions
34 - 8.6.1 Application tests
35 - 8.6.2 Capacity tests
35 - 8.6.3 Conformance tests
36 - 8.7 Visual examination for leakage of batteries used in watches
36 - 8.7.1 Pre–conditioning
36 - 8.7.2 Magnification
36 - 8.7.3 Illumination
36 - 8.7.4 Definition of defectives
36 - 8.7.5 Sampling plans and AQL values
37 - 8.8 Conformance check to a specified minimum average duration
37 - 9. Code of practice for shipment, storage, use and disposal of primary batteries
37 - 9.1 Battery manufacture and distribution
37 - 9.1.1 Packing
37 - 9.1.2 Transport and handling
37 - 9.1.3 Storage and stock rotation
38 - 9.1.4 Display at sales points
38 - 9.2 Equipment design
38 - 9.2.1 Technical liaison
39 - 9.2.2 Battery compartment
39 - 9.2.3 Contacts
39 - 9.2.4 Alternative and back–up power supplies
40 - 9.3 Selection, use and disposal
40 - 9.3.1 Purchase
40 - 9.3.2 Installation
40 - 9.3.3 Use
40 - 9.3.4 Replacement
40 - 9.3.5 Reactivation
41 - 9.3.6 Disposal
41 - 9.4 The matter of battery leakage
41 - 10. Safety guidelines
43 - 11. Electrical abuse tests for Batteries with aqueous electrolyte
43 - 11.1 Forced current reversal
43 - 11.1.1 Test method
43 - 11.1.2 Requirements
44 - 11.2 Overdischarge
44 - 11.2.1 Test method
44 - 11.2.2 Requirements
44 - 11.3 Short circuit
44 - 11.3.1 Test method
44 - 11.3.2 Requirement
45 - 12. Guidelines for the standardization of batteries
46 - APPENDIX A - Definition of explosion
47 - Amendment No. 1
52 - CORRIGENDUM