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ASTM D 974 : 2001

Superseded
Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by
superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

11-11-2014

Language(s)

English

Published date

12-31-2010

1.1 This test method covers the determination of acidic or basic constituents (Note 1) in petroleum products and lubricants soluble or nearly soluble in mixtures of toluene and isopropyl alcohol. It is applicable for the determination of acids or bases whose dissociation constants in water are larger than 109; extremely weak acids or bases whose dissociation constants are smaller than 109 do not interfere. Salts react if their hydrolysis constants are larger than 109.

Note 1—In new and used oils, the constituents considered to have acidic characteristics include organic and inorganic acids, esters, phenolic compounds, lactones, resins, salts of heavy metals, and addition agents such as inhibitors and detergents. Similarly, constituents considered to have basic properties include organic and inorganic bases, amino compounds, salts of weak acids (soaps), basic salts of polyacidic bases, salts of heavy metals, and addition agents such as inhibitors and detergents.

Note 2—This test method is not suitable for measuring the basic constituents of many basic additive-type lubricating oils. Test Method D 4739 can be used for this purpose.

1.2 This test method can be used to indicate relative changes that occur in an oil during use under oxidizing conditions. Although the titration is made under definite equilibrium conditions, the method does not measure an absolute acidic or basic property that can be used to predict performance of an oil under service conditions. No general relationship between bearing corrosion and acid or base numbers is known.

Note 3—Oils, such as many cutting oils, rust proofing oils, and similar compounded oils, or excessively dark-colored oils, that cannot be analyzed for acid number by this test method due to obscurity of the color-indicator end point, can be analyzed by Test Method D 664. The acid numbers obtained by this color-indicator test method need not be numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D 664, the base numbers obtained by this color indicator test method need not be numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D 4739, but they are generally of the same order of magnitude.

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1.3 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Committee
D 02
DocumentType
Test Method
Pages
7
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

ASTM D 4174 : 2017 Standard Practice for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Petroleum Fluid Hydraulic Systems
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ASTM D 6514 : 2003 : R2019 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for High Temperature Universal Oxidation Test for Turbine Oils
ASTM D 5846 : 2007 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Universal Oxidation Test for Hydraulic and Turbine Oils Using the Universal Oxidation Test Apparatus
ASTM D 3487 : 2016 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
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ASTM D 6823 : 2008 : R2013 Standard Specification for Commercial Boiler Fuels With Used Lubricating Oils
ASTM D 8181 : 2019 Standard Specification for Microemulsion Blendstock for Preparing Microemulsion Test Fuel Oils
ASTM D 6439 : 2011 : R2017 Standard Guide for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of Steam, Gas, and Hydroelectric Turbine Lubrication Systems
ASTM D 4652 : 2020 Standard Specification for Silicone Liquid Used for Electrical Insulation
ASTM D 6710 : 2017 Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon-Based Quench Oil
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ASTM D 3339 : 2012 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
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ASTM D 7415 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Sulfate By-Products in In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Based Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
ASTM D 2440 : 2013 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Mineral Insulating Oil
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ASTM D 117 : 2018 Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
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ASTM D 1934 : 2020 Standard Test Method for Oxidative Aging of Electrical Insulating Liquids by Open-Beaker Method
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ASTM D 8029 : 2018 Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
ASTM D 2225 : 2020 Standard Test Methods for Silicone Liquids Used for Electrical Insulation
ASTM D 7752 : 2018 Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids
ASTM D 7044 : 2015 Standard Specification for Biodegradable Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 2024)
ASTM D 664 : 2018 : EDT 2 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
ASTM D 7414 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Oxidation in In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Based Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
ASTM D 6469 : 2020 Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems
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ASTM D 4378 : 2020 Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
ASTM D 6158 : 2018 Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
ASTM D 3394 : 2016 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Electrical Insulating Board
ASTM D 1534 : 1995 : R2017 Standard Test Method for Approximate Acidity in Electrical Insulating Liquids by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D 7155 : 2020 Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine Lubricating Oils
ASTM D 8045 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Crude Oils and Petroleum Products by Catalytic Thermometric Titration
ASTM D 2226 : 1993 : R2018 Standard Classification for Various Types of Petroleum Oils for Rubber Compounding Use

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