BS 4428:1989

Foreword
Committees responsible
Code of practice
Section one. General
1.1 Scope
1.2 Definitions
Section two. Preliminary investigations
2.1 Site investigations before operations
2.2 Site enclosures
2.3 Existing services
2.4 Existing vegetation
2.5 Stripping and storing of topsoil and subsoil
2.6 Existing artefacts
Section three. Drainage
3.1 General
3.2 Information needed for the design of drainage for
      general grass landscaped areas
3.3 Design
3.4 Outlets
3.5 Drainage systems
Section four. Grading and cultivation
4.1 Synopsis of operations needed
4.2 Recommended gradients
4.3 Work near trees
4.4 Category A: Major grading
4.5 Category B: Minor grading
4.6 Category C: Surface cultivation, and regulating
      withing the topsoil depth
4.7 Category D: Surface cultivation only
4.8 Topsoil
4.9 Fallow period
Section five. Seeding of grass areas
5.1 Seed
5.2 Fertilizing
5.3 Preparation of seed bed
5.4 Turf edging to seeded areas
5.5 Sowing
5.6 Sowing on steep banks
5.7 Herbicide in young swards
5.8 Initial cut
Section six. Turfing
6.1 Turf
6.2 Final preparation
6.3 Turf laying
6.4 Turfing to banks exceeding 30 degrees
6.5 Watering
Section seven. Amenity tree planting
7.1 Planting stock
7.2 Trees in relation to construction
7.3 Site preparation
7.4 Planting season
7.5 Plant handling
7.6 Tree pits
7.7 Staking
7.8 Planting
7.9 Tying
7.10 Aftercare
Section eight. Woodland planting
8.1 Planting stock
8.2 Preparation for planting on existing or former
      woodland sites
8.3 Site preparation on new planting sites
8.4 Planting
8.5 Protection
8.6 Aftercare
8.7 Fertilizers
Section nine. Planting of shrubs, herbaceous plants and
               bulbs
9.1 Nursery stock
9.2 Site preparation
9.3 Planting season
9.4 Ground and weather conditions
9.5 Containers and wrappings
9.6 Roots
9.7 Planting of shrubs (except climbers and wall
      shrubs)
9.8 Planting of climbers and wall shrubs
9.9 Herbaceous plants
9.10 Bulbs
9.11 Hedges and screens
9.12 Completion
9.13 Protection
9.14 Aftercare
Table
1 Relationship between soil permeability and subsoil
      drainage
Figures
1 Typical subsoil drainage for intensive use
2 Mole drains: plan
3 Maintenance of grass slopes
4 Groundworks for planting and grassing
5 Turf laying: flexible use of stretcher bond,
      whilst maintaining whole turves around perimeter
6 Tree staking and tying
7 Example of tree tie
8 Double staking suitable for trees for advanced
      nursery stock
9 Slanting stakes for hillsides or exposed
      situations