ISO 11228-2 : 2007(R2016)

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Recommendations
  3.1 Avoiding hazardous manual handling tasks
  3.2 Risk assessment
      3.2.1 Hazard identification
            3.2.1.1 Force
            3.2.1.2 Posture
            3.2.1.3 Frequency and duration
            3.2.1.4 Distance
            3.2.1.5 Object characteristics
            3.2.1.6 Environmental conditions
            3.2.1.7 Individual characteristics
            3.2.1.8 Work organization
      3.2.2 Risk estimation and risk assessment
            3.2.2.1 Method 1 - Generalized risk estimation
                    and risk assessment approach
            3.2.2.2 Method 2 - Specialized risk estimation
                    and risk assessment approach
                    3.2.2.2.1 Part A - Muscle-strength-based
                              force limits, F[Br]
                    3.2.2.2.2 Part B - Skeletal-based force
                              limits, F[LS]
                    3.2.2.2.3 Part C - Limiting force, F[L]
                    3.2.2.2.4 Part D - Safety limit, F[R]
      3.2.3 Risk reduction
Annex A (informative) Method 1 - Pushing and pulling:
        general assessment checklist
Annex B (informative) Method 2 - Specialized risk estimation
        and risk evaluation
Annex C (informative) Risk reduction methods
Annex D (informative) Suggested approach for measuring
        push/pull forces
Annex E (informative) Application examples for Methods
        1 and 2
Annex F (informative) Method for determining combined
        strength distribution for a particular reference
        group
Bibliography

Provides the recommended limits for whole-body pushing and pulling. It provides guidance on the assessment of risk factors considered important to manual pushing and pulling, allowing the health risks for the working population to be evaluated.