|
NFA 81 310 : 1980
|
BARE ELECTRIC WIRES, SOLID OR FLUX-CORED, FOR THE GAS-SHIELDED OR NON GAS-SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING - DIAMETER OF THE WIRES |
|
NF EN 10142 : 2000
|
BANDES ET TOLES EN ACIERS DOUX GALVANISEES A CHAUD ET EN CONTINU POUR FORMAGE A FROID - CONDITIONS TECHNIQUES DE LIVRAISON |
|
EURONORM 54 : 1980
|
HOT-ROLLED SMALL U-BEAMS |
|
NFA 36 270 : 1991
|
IRON AND STEEL - PROFILED PLATES IN ROLLING DIRECTION |
|
DTU P 06-006 : 2009
|
N 84 RULES - ACTIONS OF SNOW ON STRUCTURES |
|
NFP 22 250 : 1978
|
METAL STRUCTURES - WELDED ASSEMBLIES OF CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS - DESIGN AND INSPECTION |
|
NFP 06 001 : 1986
|
BASES FOR DESIGN OF STRUCTURES - WORKING LOADS FOR BUILDINGS |
|
EURONORM 57 : 1978
|
HOT-ROLLED ROUND-EDGE UNEQUAL ANGLE STEEL |
|
ENV 1991-3:1995/AC:1998
|
EUROCODE 1 - BASIS OF DESIGN AND ACTIONS ON STRUCTURES - TRAFFIC LOADS ON BRIDGES |
|
NFP 22 463 : 1978
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - EXECUTION OF JOINTS |
|
EN 10048:1996
|
Hot rolled narrow steel strip - Tolerances on dimensions and shape |
|
EURONORM 55 : 1980
|
HOT-ROLLED ROUND-EDGE EQUAL ANGLE T-BEAMS |
|
NF EN 288-3 : 92 AMD 1 97
|
SPECIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF WELDING PROCEDURES FOR METALLIC MATERIALS - WELDING PROCEDURE TESTS FOR THE ARC WELDING OF STEELS |
|
NF EN 20225 : 1992
|
FASTENERS - BOLTS, SCREWS, STUDS AND NUTS - SYMBOLS AND DESIGNATION OF DIMENSIONS |
|
NFA 46 012 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - WIDE STEEL FLATS - ROLLING TOLERANCES |
|
NFP 22 469 : 1978 FD
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - CALIBRATION OF TORQUE WRENCHES |
|
NFA 45 205 : 83 FD
|
IRON AND STEEL - IPE SECTION - PARALLEL FLANGED BEAMS |
|
NFE 25 005 : 2005
|
FASTENERS - TEST METHODS |
|
ENV 1993-2 : 1997
|
EUROCODE 3: DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES - PART 2: STEEL BRIDGES |
|
NFA 81 309 : 1975
|
METALLIC COVERED ELECTRODES FOR MANUAL ELECTRIC ARC WELDING OF UNALLOYED AND LOW ALLOYED STEELS - FILLER MATERIALS |
|
NF EN 10163-2 : 2005
|
DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE CONDITION OF HOT-ROLLED STEEL PLATES, WIDE FLATS AND SECTIONS - PART 2: PLATES AND WIDE FLATS |
|
NFP 22 630 : 1992 XP
|
STEEL CONSTRUCTION - STEEL SILOS - DESIGN LOADS IN SILOS |
|
NF EN 10025 : 1993
|
PRODUITS LAMINES A CHAUD EN ACIERS DE CONSTRUCTION NON ALLIES - CONDITIONS TECHNIQUES DE LIVRAISON |
|
NF EN 288-2 : 92 AMD 1 97
|
SPECIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF WELDING PROCEDURES FOR METALLIC MATERIALS - WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION FOR ARC WELDING |
|
NFA 81 302 : 1988
|
METALLIC COVERED ELECTRODES FOR MANUAL ELECTRIC ARC WELDING OF MILD AND LOW ALLOYED STEELS - MECHANICAL, DIMENSIONAL AND PHYSICAL TESTS |
|
ENV 1991-4 : DRAFT 95
|
EUROCODE 1 - BASIS OF DESIGN AND ACTIONS ON STRUCTURES - ACTIONS IN SILOS AND TANKS |
|
EN 10164:2004
|
Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product - Technical delivery conditions |
|
NF EN 26157-1 : 1992
|
FASTENERS - SURFACE DISCONTINUITIES - PART 1: BOLTS, SCREWS AND STUDS FOR GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
|
ENV 1991-5 : 1998
|
EUROCODE 1: BASIS OF DESIGN AND ACTIONS ON STRUCTURES |
|
EURONORM 24 : 1962
|
NORMAL I-BEAMS, U-BEAMS; PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS |
|
NF EN 10163-3 : 2005
|
DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE CONDITION OF HOT ROLLED STEEL PLATES, WIDE FLATS AND SECTIONS - PART 3: SECTIONS |
|
NFE 27 156 : 1983
|
FASTENERS - STRUCTURAL ROUND HEAD RIVETS |
|
NFA 81 357 : 86 XP
|
ARC WELDING - BARE FLUX-CORED WIRES DEPOSITING A LOW-TEMPERATURE STEEL - TESTS |
|
NFA 45 209 : 83 FD
|
IRON AND STEEL - IPN SECTIONS - DIMENSIONS |
|
NFP 22 255 : 1979
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - HOLLOW SECTION WELDED ASSEMBLIES ON TYPE I AND H SECTIONS - DESIGN AND VERIFICATION |
|
NFA 81 340 : 1979
|
COVERED METALLIC ELECTRODES FOR ELECTRIC MANUAL ARC WELDING DEPOSITING A HIGH YIELD STRENGTH METAL - SYMBOLIZATION - FILLER MATERIALS |
|
NFA 45 202 : 1986
|
IRON AND STEEL - INCLINED FACE FLANGE SECTIONS (UPN) - DIMENSIONS |
|
ISO 2394:2015
|
General principles on reliability for structures |
|
NFP 22 464 : 1991
|
STEEL CONSTRUCTION - JOINT WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING BOLTS - INSTALLATION SCHEDULE |
|
EN 10034:1993
|
Structural steel I and H sections - Tolerances on shape and dimensions |
|
NF EN 10113-1 : 1993
|
PRODUITS LAMINES A CHAUD EN ACIERS DE CONSTRUCTION SOUDABLE A GRAINS FINS - PARTIE 1: CONDITIONS GENERALES DE LIVRAISON |
|
NFA 36 102 : 1993
|
IRON AND STEEL - CONTINUOUSLY HOT-ROLLED STRIP OF NON-ALLOY AND ALLOY STEELS FOR COLD RE-ROLLING - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NFP 22 473 : 1986
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - WELDED ASSEMBLIES - RANGES OF NON-DESTRUCTIVES CONTROL |
|
NFP 22 462 : 1978
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - FABRICATION AND PREPARATION OF JOINTS |
|
NF EN 10147 : 2000
|
BANDES ET TOLES EN ACIERS DE CONSTRUCTION GALVANISEES A CHAUD EN CONTINU - CONDITIONS TECHNIQUES DE LIVRAISON |
|
NFA 45 008 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HOT ROLLED T-BARS WITH EQUAL OR UNEQUAL FLANGES AND ROUNDED CORNERS - DIMENSIONS |
|
NFA 81 322 : 1988
|
SOUDAGE A L'ARC SOUS FLUX EN POUDRE - COUPLES FILS ELECTRODES METALLIQUES NUS MASSIES/FLUX EN POUDRE DEPOSANT UN ACIER OU CONTENANT DE FAIBLES QUANTITIES D'ELEMENTS D'ADDITION - SYMBOLISATION - SPECIFICATIONS - ESSAIS |
|
NF EN 20898-2 : 1994
|
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FASTENERS - PART 2: NUTS WITH SPECIFIED PROOF LOAD VALUES - COARSE THREAD |
|
NFX 02 006 : 1994
|
FUNDAMENTAL STANDARDS - THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS OF UNITS - DESCRIPTION AND RULES FOR USE - CHOICE OF MULTIPLES AND SUB-MULTIPLES |
|
DTU P 06 002 : 2009
|
RULES NV 65 - RULES DEFINING THE EFFECTS ON BUILDINGS OF SNOW AND WINDS AND APPENDICES |
|
NFA 91 011 : 85 FD
|
METALLIC COATINGS - STANDARD DESIGNATIONS FOR CONDITIONS OF USE |
|
NFA 91 010 : 1984
|
METALLIC COATINGS AND SURFACE TREATMENTS OF METALS - TERMINOLOGY - CLASSIFICATION - SYMBOLS |
|
NFA 36 204 : 1992
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HIGH STRENGTH TREATED STEELS FOR WELDED ASSEMBLIES - GRADES AND QUALITIES |
|
NFA 37 101 : 1977
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - COLD FORMED STEEL SECTIONS FOR GENERAL PURPOSES |
|
NF EN 287-1 : 2011
|
QUALIFICATION TEST OF WELDERS - FUSION WELDING - PART 1: STEELS |
|
DTUP 22-201 : 1964
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION WORK FOR BUILDING - STRUCTURAL STEELWORK CONTRACT BILL AND CONTRACT BILL OF THE SPECIAL CLAUSES |
|
EURONORM 53 : 1962
|
HOT-ROLLED BROAD FLANGED I-BEAMS (WIDE-FLANGED I-BEAMS) WITH PARALLEL FLANGE FACINGS |
|
NFA 49 541 : 1986
|
STEEL TUBES - COLD FINISHED WELDED STRUCTURAL HOLLOW SECTIONS - DIMENSIONS - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NFA 81 341 : 1988
|
COVERED METALLIC ELECTRODES FOR ELECTRIC MANUAL ARC WELDING DEPOSITING A HIGH YIELD STRENGTH METAL - MECHANICAL TESTS - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS - DIMENSIONAL AND PHYSICAL TESTS |
|
NFA 45 007 : 83 FD
|
IRON AND STEEL - SMALL HOT ROLLED U IRON BARS - DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES |
|
NF EN 10051 : 2011
|
HOT-ROLLED STRIP AND PLATE/SHEET CUT FROM WIDE STRIP OF NON-ALLOY AND ALLOY STEELS - TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS AND SHAPE |
|
NFE 27 711 : 1982
|
LOCKING BOLTS AND NUTS INTENDED FOR USE IN METAL STRUCTURES - HEXAGON BOLTS - DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES |
|
NFP 22 472 : 1994
|
STEEL CONSTRUCTION - WELDED CONNECTIONS - APPROVAL OF A WELDING PROCEDURE |
|
EURONORM 56 : 1977
|
HOT-ROLLED ROUND-EDGE EQUAL ANGLE STEEL |
|
NFA 81 312 : 1988
|
SOLID BARE METALLIC ELECTRODE WIRES FOR THE GAS-SHIELDED ARC WELDING DEPOSITING AN UNALLOYED OR LOW ALLOY METAL - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS - MECHANICAL, GEOMETRICAL AND PHYSICAL TESTS |
|
NFP 22 470 : 1989
|
STEEL CONSTRUCTION - WELDED CONNECTIONS - DETAILS AND DESIGN OF WELDS |
|
EURONORM 19 : 1957
|
IPE BEAMS - I-BEAMS WITH PARALLEL FLANGE FACINGS |
|
NFP 22 466 : 1979
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - METHODS OF TIGHTENING AND CHECKING OF BOLTS |
|
NFP 22 431 : 1978
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - ASSEMBLY BY NON-PRESTRESSED BOLTS - EXECUTION OF ASSEMBLIES |
|
NFP 22 460 : 1979
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - STRUCTURES REQUIREMENTS AND CHECKING OF JOINTING |
|
NFA 45 001 : 1994
|
IRON AND STEEL - HOT ROLLED BARS OR MERCHANT BARS AND SECTIONS FOR GENERAL PURPOSES - TOLERANCES ON SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS |
|
NFA 49 501 : 1986
|
STEEL TUBES - HOT-FINISHED SEAMLESS OF WELDED STRUCTURAL HOLLOW SECTIONS - DIMENSIONS - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NFA 81 319 : 1988
|
CONDUCTING FLUXES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING - SYMBOLIZATION |
|
EN 10143:2006 (edition 2)
|
Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip - Tolerances on dimensions and shape |
|
NFP 22 251 : 1978
|
METAL STRUCTURES - WELDED ASSEMBLIES OF CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS - CONSTRUCTION |
|
NFP 06 004 : 1977 FD
|
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR STRUCTURES - PERMANENT AND SERVICE LOADS DUE TO GRAVITY |
|
NF EN 10027-2 : 2015
|
DESIGNATION SYSTEMS FOR STEELS - PART 2: NUMERICAL SYSTEM |
|
NFA 91 122 : 1987
|
METALLIC COATINGS - FINISHED PRODUCTS OF HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEEL - SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE ZINC COATING AND RECOMMENDED METHOD OF FABRICATION FOR THE PRODUCTS TO BE GALVANIZED |
|
NFA 81 300 : 1980
|
FILLER MATERIALS - ELECTRODES FOR MANUAL ELECTRIC ARC WELDING - TERMINOLOGY |
|
NF EN 10113-2 : 1993
|
PRODUITS LAMINES A CHAUD EN ACIERS DE CONSTRUCTION SOUDABLES A GRAINS FINS - PARTIE 2: CONDITIONS DE LIVRAISON DES ACIERS A L'ETAT NORMALISE/LAMINAGE NORMALISANT |
|
NFA 45 206 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL - HOT ROLLED LIGHT JOISTS - ROLLING TOLERANCES |
|
NFA 35 512 : 86 FD
|
IRON AND STEEL - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE FABRICATION AND USE OF AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCED SHOT BLASTED PAINTED PRODUCTS |
|
NFP 22 615 : 1978
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - ROLLING BEAMS FOR OVERHEAD CRANES - DEFORMATIONS IN OPERATION AND TOLERANCES |
|
NFE 27 702 : 1984
|
STRUCTURAL BOLTS AND NUTS INTENDED FOR USE IN STEEL STRUCTURES - TEST ON SUITABILITY OF BOLTS FOR USE |
|
NFA 49 542 : 1987
|
STEEL TUBES - GALVANIZED, LONGITUDINALLY WELDED TUBES OF ROUND, SQUARE OR RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION FOR METALLIC CONSTRUCTIONS - DIMENSIONS - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NFA 35 504 : 1984
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HIGH STRENGTH STEEL BEAMS AND SECTIONS FOR WELDED STRUCTURES - GRADES AND QUALITIES |
|
NFA 35 502 : 1984
|
STRUCTURAL STEELS WITH IMPROVED ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION RESISTANCE - SHEETS, MEDIUM AND HEAVY PLATES, WIDE FLATS, ROLLED SECTIONS AND BARS |
|
NFA 36 301 : 1992
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - DRAWING AND BENDING QUALITY HOT ROLLED MILL STEEL FLAT PRODUCTS - CUTLENGTHS AND COILS - QUALITIES |
|
EN 10155 : 1993
|
STRUCTURAL STEELS WITH IMPROVED ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION RESISTANCE - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NF EN 10131 : 2006
|
COLD ROLLED UNCOATED AND ZINC OR ZINC-NICKEL ELECTROLYTICALLY COATED LOW CARBON AND HIGH YIELD STRENGTH STEEL FLAT PRODUCTS FOR COLD FORMING - TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS AND SHAPE |
|
NF EN 10029 : 2011
|
HOT ROLLED STEEL PLATES 3 MM THICK OR ABOVE - TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS, SHAPE AND MASS |
|
NFA 35 511 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCED SHOT BLASTED AND PAINTED PRODUCTS |
|
NFP 22 411 : 1978
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - RIVETED ASSEMBLIES - EXECUTION OF ASSEMBLIES |
|
NFA 46 323 : 1978
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - CONTINUOUS GALVANIZED STEEL STRIP - COILS - SLIT COILS - BARS - DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES |
|
NFP 22 800 : 1981
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - PREPARATION OF PARTS IN THE FACTORY |
|
NFA 81 356 : 86 XP
|
ARC WELDING - BARE FLUX-CORED WIRES DEPOSITING A LOW-TEMPERATURE STEEL WELD-METAL - SYMBOLIZATION - REQUIREMENTS - ACCEPTANCE |
|
NFP 06 007 : 1988 FD
|
GENERAL PRINCIPLES ON RELIABILITY OF STRUCTURES - LIST OF EQUIVALENT TERMS |
|
NFP 22 461 : 1979
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - JOINTING BY MEANS OF BOLTS WITH CONTROLLED TIGHTENING - DETERMINATION OF THE CONVENTIONAL COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION |
|
NFP 22 252 : 1978
|
METAL STRUCTURES - WELDED ASSEMBLIES OF CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS |
|
NFA 46 100 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HOT ROLLED STEEL STRIPS - DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES |
|
NFA 45 255 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL - PARALLEL FLANGE CHANNEL SECTIONS (UAP-SECTIONS) |
|
NFX 02 004 : 1994 FD
|
FUNDAMENTAL STANDARDS - NAMES AND SYMBOLS FOR THE UNITS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS |
|
ENV 1993-1-3:1996/AC:1997
|
EUROCODE 3: DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES - GENERAL RULES - SUPPLEMENTARY RULES FOR COLD FORMED THIN GAUGE MEMBERS AND SHEETING |
|
NFA 91 121 : 1987
|
HOT DIP GALVANIZING (IMMERSION IN MOLTEN ZINC) - CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES AND TEST METHOD |
|
NFA 36 202 : 1981
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - PLATES AND WIDE FLATS WITH GUARANTEED PROPERTIES IN THE DIRECTION PERPENDICULAR TO THE SURFACE |
|
NF EN 10027-1 : 2017
|
DESIGNATION SYSTEMS FOR STEEL - PART 1: STEEL NAMES |
|
NFA 81 311 : 1980
|
SOLID BARE ELECTRODE WIRES FOR THE GAS-SHIELDED ARC WELDING DEPOSITING AN UNALLOYED OR LOW ALLOY METAL - SYMBOLIZATION - FILLER MATERIALS |
|
ENV 1993-1-2 : DRAFT 95
|
EUROCODE 3 - DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES - PART 1-2: GENERAL RULES - STRUCTURAL FIRE DESIGN |
|
NFA 45 201 : 83 FD
|
IRON AND STEEL - BROAD, PARALLEL-FACED FLANGED BEAMS - DIMENSIONS |
|
NFA 45 010 : 1979
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HOT ROLLED UNEQUAL ANGLE STEEL SECTIONS WITH RADIUSED CORNERS - DIMENSIONS |
|
ENV 1992-1-1 : DRAFT 91 COR 1992
|
EUROCODE 2: DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES - GENERAL RULES AND RULES FOR BUILDINGS |
|
NFP 22 258 : 1982
|
WELDED ASSEMBLIES OF HOLLOW SECTIONS AND RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTIONS SUBJECTED TO STATIC LOADING - DESIGN AND VERIFICATION |
|
NF EN 288-1 : 92 AMD 1 97
|
SPECIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF WELDING PROCEDURES FOR METALLIC MATERIALS - GENERAL RULES FOR FUSION WELDING |
|
NFA 81 316 : 1980
|
SOLID BARE METALLIC ELECTRODE WIRES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING DEPOSITING AN UNALLOYED STEEL OR A STEEL WITH LOW LEVELS OF ADDITION ELEMENTS - SYMBOLIZATION - SPECIFICATION |
|
NFA 81 301 : 1979
|
COVERED ELECTRODES FOR THE MANUAL METAL-ARC WELDING OF STEEL AND ALLOYS - DIMENSIONS, GEOMETRICAL AND PHYSICAL TESTS - PACKAGING AND MARKING |
|
NF EN 10130 : 2007
|
COLD ROLLED LOW CARBON STEEL FLAT PRODUCTS FOR COLD FORMING - TECHNICAL DELIVERY CONDITIONS |
|
NFP 22 471 : 1984
|
METAL CONSTRUCTION - WELDED JOINTS - FABRICATION |
|
NF EN 10163-1 : 2005
|
DELIVERY REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE CONDITIONS OF HOT-ROLLED STEEL PLATES, WIDE FLATS AND SECTIONS - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
|
NFA 45 009 : 1979
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HOT ROLLED EQUAL ANGLE STEEL SECTIONS WITH RADIUSED CORNERS - DIMENSIONS |
|
NFA 45 210 : 1996
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - STANDARD BEAMS AND STANDARD CHANNEL SECTIONS - ROLLING TOLERANCES |
|
EURONORM 91 : 1981
|
HOT-ROLLED WIDE FLATS - PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FOR DIMENSION, FORM AND WEIGHT |
|
NF EN 10113-3 : 1993
|
PRODUITS LAMINES A CHAUD EN ACIERS DE CONSTRUCTION SOUDABLES A GRAINS FINS - PARTIE 3: CONDITIONS DE LIVRAISON DES ACIERS OBTENUS PAR LAMINAGE THERMOMECANIQUE |
|
NFA 45 211 : 1983
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HOT ROLLED PARALLEL FACE WIDE FLANGE BEAMS - ROLLING TOLERANCES |
|
NF EN 493 : 1992
|
|
|
NFP 00 001 : 1990 FD
|
BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING - VOCABULARY - PART 1: GENERAL TERMS |
|
NFA 36 201 : 1984
|
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTS - HIGH YIELD STRENGTH STEEL PLATES FOR WELDED STRUCTURES - GRADES AND QUALITIES |