API 4690 : 2002

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
      SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND RATIONALE
2 SAMPLING OVERVIEW
      APPLICABILITY OF SPMDs
      METHOD SELECTION
      Integrative
      Equilibrium
      COMMENTS ON AMBIENT CONCENTRATION EXTRAPOLATIONS
      Accuracy of Water Concentration Estimates
      SYNOPSIS OF PERFORMANCE RELATED VARIABLES
      DEPLOYMENT
3 THEORY AND MODELING
      MODELS FOR ESTIMATION OF WATER CONCENTRATION
      Groundwater Concentration Estimation
      Sediment Pore Water
      SAMPLING APPROACH AND KINETICS
      RATE CONTROL
      FACTORS AFFECTING UPTAKE RATES
      Sampler Design
      Molecular Properties
      Environmental Properties
      CALIBRATION DATA
      PERMEABILITY/PERFORMANCE REFERENCE COMPOUNDS
      (PRCS)
4 STUDY CONSIDERATIONS
      SOURCE AND PREPARATION OF SPMDS
      Preparation and Evaluation of Materials
      SPMD Assembly
      SPECIFICATIONS OF THE STANDARD SPMD
      STORAGE AND TRANSPORT
      PRECAUTIONS/PROCEDURES DURING DEPLOYMENT AND
      RETRIEVAL
      DEPLOYMENT METHOD
      EXPOSURE DURATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
5 SPMD ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
      QUALITY CONTROL
      SPMD-Fabrication Blanks
      SPMD-Process Blanks
      Reagent Blank
      Field-Blank SPMDs
      PRC Samples
      SPMD Spikes
      Procedural Spikes
      Expected QC Results
      PROCESSING AND RESIDUE ENRICHMENT
      Potential SPMD Specific Interferences
      INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
      DATA FORMAT AND COMPARABILITY
6 BIOASSAY OF SPMD EXTRACTS OR DILUENTS
      MICROTOX AND MUTATOX
      MFO-EROD
      OVERVIEW OF ADDITIONAL ASSAYS
      POTENTIAL INTERFERENCES
7 COMPARISONS TO BIOMONITORING ORGANISMS
8 CONCLUSIONS
      REFERENCES
APPENDIX A
         SOURCES OF SPMD INFORMATION
APPENDIX B
         EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS
APPENDIX C
         ADDITIONAL CALIBRATION DATA
APPENDIX D
         WATER CONCENTRATION EXTRAPOLATION
List of Figures and Tables