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  • AWS C5.5/C5.5M : 2003

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    RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING

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    Withdrawn date:  06-05-2023

    Language(s): 

    Published date:  01-01-2003

    Publisher:  American Welding Society

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    Table of Contents - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Personnel
    Foreword
    List of Tables
    List of Figures
    1. Scope and Introduction
        1.1 Scope
        1.2 Introduction to the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
              (GTAW) Process
        1.3 History
    2. Normative References
        2.1 American Conference of Governmental Industrial
              Hygienists Standards
        2.2 AWS Standards
        2.3 ISO Standards
        2.4 OSHA Standards
    3. Definitions
    4. GTAW Principles
        4.1 Process Description
        4.2 Process Advantages
        4.3 Process Limitations
        4.4 Process Variables
        4.5 Related Variables
    5. Equipment and Supplies
        5.1 Welding Power Sources (Used for GTAW) - Introduction
        5.2 Controllers
        5.3 Pulse Controllers
        5.4 Weld Sequence Controllers
        5.5 Arc Welding Torches
        5.6 Wire Feeders
        5.7 Arc and Torch Oscillators
        5.8 Arc Initiation Equipment
    6. Tungsten Electrodes
        6.1 General
        6.2 Classifications of Electrodes
        6.3 Surface Finishes
        6.4 Electrode Sizes and Current Capacities
        6.5 Electrode Tip Configurations
        6.6 Electrode Cutting
        6.7 Factors Affecting Electrode Life
        6.8 Removing Contamination
        6.9 Grinding Dust
        6.10 Storage
    7. Gas Shielding, Purging, and Backing
        7.1 Torch Shielding Gas
        7.2 Purging
        7.3 Shielding and Purging Gas Purity
        7.4 Shielding and Purging Gas Economics
        7.5 Purifiers
        7.6 Purging Gas Safety
    8. Fixturing and Tooling
        8.1 Material Selection
        8.2 Tooling/Fixturing Considerations
        8.3 Temporary (Soft)/Permanent (Hard) Tooling
    9. Welding Techniques
        9.1 General
        9.2 Manual and Semiautomatic Welding
        9.3 Mechanized Welding
        9.4 Automated Welding
    10. Joint Design, Preparation, and Welding Positions
        10.1 Introduction
        10.2 Basic Joint Configurations and Welding Positions
        10.3 Edge Preparation and Surface Cleaning
    11. Welding Characteristics of Selected Alloys
        11.1 Introduction
        11.2 Carbon and Alloy Steels
        11.3 Stainless Steels and Iron-Based Superalloys
        11.4 Aluminum Alloys
        11.5 Magnesium Alloys
        11.6 Beryllium
        11.7 Copper Alloys
        11.8 Nickel Alloys
        11.9 Cobalt Alloys
        11.10 Refractory and Reactive Metals
        11.11 Cast Irons
        11.12 Welding Dissimilar Materials
        11.13 Filler Metals
    12. Qualification of Procedures, Welders, and Welding
        Operators
        12.1 Introduction
        12.2 Welding Program
        12.3 Establishing Welding Requirements
        12.4 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS)
        12.5 Procedure Qualification Records (PQR)
        12.6 Welder and Welding Operator Qualification Tests
    13. Quality Control
        13.1 Introduction
        13.2 Weldment Quality
        13.3 Specifications
    14. Troubleshooting
        14.1 General
        14.2 Electrical
        14.3 Inert Shielding Gas Troubleshooting
        14.4 Water Cooling Systems
        14.5 Tools and Fixtures
        14.6 Filler Material
        14.7 Design of Welded Assemblies
        14.8 Weld Joint Fit-up
    15. Safety
        15.1 Hazards
        15.2 Electrical Shock
        15.3 Arc Radiation and Burns
        15.4 Welding Environment
        15.5 Oxygen Deficiency
        15.6 Noise
        15.7 Safe Handling of Cylinders
        15.8 Fires And Explosions
        15.9 Common Sense
        15.10 Grinding Dust
    Nonmandatory Annexes
    Annex A - Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries
              for AWS Technical Committees
    Annex B - Suggested Reading List and Other References
    List of AWS Documents on Arc Welding and Arc Cutting

    Abstract - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Specifies recommended practices for the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process.

    General Product Information - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    Development Note Supersedes AWS C5.5 (12/2003)
    Document Type Standard
    Publisher American Welding Society
    Status Withdrawn
    Supersedes

    Standards Referenced By This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    AWS D10.11M/D10.11:2007 GUIDE FOR ROOT PASS WELDING OF PIPE WITHOUT BACKING
    AWS WHC2.03 : 0 WELDING PROCESSES - PART 1, WELDING HANDBOOK, 9TH EDITION, VOL. 2 - CHAPTER 3: GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING
    AWS G2.3M/G2.3 : 2012 GUIDE FOR THE JOINING OF SOLID SOLUTION AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS
    AWS G2.5/G2.5M : 2012 GUIDE FOR THE FUSION WELDING OF ZIRCONIUM AND ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS

    Standards Referencing This Book - (Show below) - (Hide below)

    AWS A5.14/A5.14M : 2011 SPECIFICATION FOR NICKEL AND NICKEL-ALLOY BARE WELDING ELECTRODES AND RODS
    AWS A5.24 : 90(R1997) ZIRCONIUM AND ZIRCONIUM ALLOY WELDING ELECTRODES AND RODS, SPECIFICATION FOR
    AWS A5.13 : 2000 SOLID SURFACING WELDING RODS AND ELECTRODES, SPECIFICATION FOR,
    AWS D10.11 : 1987(R1992) RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR ROOT PASS WELDING OF PIPE WITHOUT BACKING
    AWS A5.10/A5.10M : 2012 WELDING CONSUMABLES - WIRE ELECTRODES, WIRES AND RODS FOR WELDING OF ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM-ALLOYS - CLASSIFICATION
    ISO 6848:2015 Arc welding and cutting Nonconsumable tungsten electrodes Classification
    AWS B2.1.1/8.227 : 2002 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1, GROUPS 1 OR 2) TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL (M-8/P-8, GROUP 1), 1/16 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, ER309(L), AS-WELDED CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
    AWS A5.22 : 1995 SPECIFICATION FOR STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES FOR FLUX CORED ARC WELDING AND STAINLESS STEEL FLUX CORED RODS FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING
    AWS B2.1.22.015 : 2002 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING OF ALUMINUM (M/P-22 TO M/P-22), 18 THROUGH 10 GAUGE, ER4043 OR R4043, IN THE AS-WELDED CONDITION, WITH OR WITHOUT BACKING
    AWS D1.2/D1.2M : 2014 STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - ALUMINUM
    AWS A1.1 : 2016 METRIC PRACTICE GUIDE FOR THE WELDING INDUSTRY
    AWS B2.1.1.207 : 1996 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1/S-1, GROUP 1 OR 2), 1/8 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, ER70S-2, AS-WELDED OR PWHT CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
    AWS A5.15 : 1990 SPECIFICATION FOR WELDING ELECTRODES AND RODS FOR CAST IRON
    AWS C5.10 : 1994 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SHIELDING GASES FOR WELDING AND PLASMA ARC CUTTING
    AWS A5.21 : 2001 SPECIFICATION FOR BARE ELECTRODES AND RODS FOR SURFACING
    AWS A3.0 : 0 STANDARD WELDING TERMS AND DEFINITIONS - INCLUDING TERMS FOR ADHESIVE BONDING, BRAZING, SOLDERING, THERMAL CUTTING, AND THERMAL SPRAYING
    AWS B2.1 : 2005 SPECIFICATION FOR WELDING PROCEDURE AND PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION
    AWS A5.18/A5.18M : 2005 SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STEEL ELECTRODES AND RODS FOR GAS SHIELDED ARC WELDING
    CFR 29(PT1910.1000 TO END) : 0 LABOR - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
    AWS A5.12M/A5.12 : 2009 SPECIFICATION FOR TUNGSTEN AND OXIDE DISPERSED TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES FOR ARC WELDING AND CUTTING
    AWS A5.7 : 1984 ERRATA 2004 COPPER AND COPPER ALLOY BARE WELDING RODS, AND ELECTRODES, SPECIFICATION FOR
    AWS B2.1.002 : 1990 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) FOR SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1, GROUP 1 OR 2), 3/16 THROUGH 7/8 INCH, IN THE AS-WELDED CONDITION, WITH OR WITHOUT BACKING
    AWS A5.9 : 93(R1999) BARE STAINLESS STEEL WELDING ELECTRODES AND RODS, SPECIFICATION FOR
    AWS A5.16 : 90(R1997) TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOY WELDING ELECTRODES AND RODS, SPECIFICATION FOR
    AWS B2.1.1/8.231 : 2002 WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING WITH CONSUMABLE INSERT ROOT FOLLOWED BY SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1, GROUPS 1 OR 2) TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL (M-8/P-8, GROUP 1), 1/8 INCH [3 MM] THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH [38 MM] THICK, IN309, ER309(L), AND E309(L)-XX, IN THE AS-WELDED CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
    AWS A5.30 : 1997 CONSUMABLE INSERTS, SPECIFICATION FOR
    AWS B2.1.1.021 : 1994 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) FOR; GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING FOLLOWED BY SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1/S-1, GROUP 1 OR 2), 1/8 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, ER70S2 AND E7018, AS-WELDED OR PWHT CONDITION
    AWS A5.32/A5.32M : 2011 WELDING CONSUMABLES - GASES AND GAS MIXTURES FOR FUSION WELDING AND ALLIED PROCESSES
    AWS B2.1.1/8.229 : 2002 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING FOLLOWED BY SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1, GROUPS 1 OR 2) TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL (M-8/P-8, GROUP 1), 1/8 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, ER309(L) AND E309(L)-15, -16, OR -17, AS-WELDED CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
    ANSI Z49.1 : 2012 SAFETY IN WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
    AWS B2.1.1/8.010 : 2015 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1) TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL (M-8/ P-8), 18 THROUGH 10 GAUGE, IN THE AS-WELDED CONDITION, WITH OR WITHOUT BACKING
    AWS B2.1.1.209 : 1996 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING FOLLOWED BY SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1/S-1, GROUP 1 OR 2), 1/8 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, ER70S-2 AND E7018, AS-WELDED OR PWHT CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
    AWS D1.1 : 2000 STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE - STEEL
    AWS A5.28 : 1996 SPECIFICATION FOR LOW ALLOY STEEL FILLER METALS FOR GAS SHIELDED ARC WELDING
    AWS B2.1.1/8.230 : 2002 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (SWPS) FOR GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING WITH CONSUMABLE INSERT ROOT OF CARBON STEEL (M-1/P-1, GROUPS 1 OR 2) TO AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL (M-8/P-8, GROUP 1), 1/16 THROUGH 1-1/2 INCH THICK, IN309 AND ER309(L), AS-WELDED CONDITION, PRIMARILY PIPE APPLICATIONS
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