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ASTM D 4221 : 2018

Current
Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Standard Test Method for Dispersive Characteristics of Clay Soil by Double Hydrometer
Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-01-2018

This test method provides an indication of the natural dispersive characteristics of clay soils by comparing the amount of particles finer than 2-μm as determined by this method compared to the amount of particles finer than 2-μm as determined by Test Method D7928 (1).2 In order to do this comparison, two similar specimens must be obtained from the sample.

1.1This test method provides an indication of the natural dispersive characteristics of clay soils by comparing the amount of particles finer than 2-μm as determined by this method compared to the amount of particles finer than 2-μm as determined by Test Method D7928 (1).2 In order to do this comparison, two similar specimens must be obtained from the sample.

1.2This test method follows the procedure given in Test Method D7928 with the exception that the soil slurry is not mechanically dispersed and no dispersing agent is added.

1.3This test method is applicable only to soils where the position of the plasticity index versus liquid limit plots (Test Methods D4318) falls on or above the “A” line (Practice D2487) and more than 12 % of the soil fraction is finer than 2-μm as determined in accordance with Test Method D7928 (2).

1.4Since this test method may not identify all dispersive clay soils, other tests such as, pinhole dispersion (Test Methods D4647/D4647M), crumb (Test Methods D6572) (3-5) and the analysis of pore water extraction (Test Methods D4542) (4-7) may be performed individually or used together to help verify dispersion.

1.5Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.

1.6All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.

1.6.1The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user's objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.

1.7This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.8This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Committee
D 18
DocumentType
Test Method
Pages
5
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Current
Supersedes

ASTM D 6572 : 2013 : EDT 2 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 4647/D4647M : 2013 Standard Test Methods for Identification and Classification of Dispersive Clay Soils by the Pinhole Test

ASTM D 2216 : 2005 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
ASTM D 6572 : 2012 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 2487 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 653 : 2007 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 2216 : 2010 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
ASTM D 3740 : 2012 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 4318 : 2005 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 4542 : 2007 Standard Test Method for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer
ASTM D 7928 : 2021 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
ASTM D 3740 : 2023 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 6572 : 2000 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 3740 : 2019 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 3740 : 2004 : REV A : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 2488 : 1969 : R1975 Recommended Practice for Description Of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 3740 : 2008 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 6026 : 2013 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 4542 : 2015 Standard Test Methods for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer
ASTM D 4542 : 2022 Standard Test Methods for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer
ASTM D 4542 : 1995 Standard Test Method for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer
ASTM D 6026 : 2006 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 2488 : 2017 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures)
ASTM D 4318 : 2010 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 6572 : 2013 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 3740 : 1999 : REV C Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 4318 : 2000 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 7928 : 2017 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
ASTM D 6913 : 2004 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
ASTM D 653 : 2022 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 6572 : 2020 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 653 : 2020 : EDT 1 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 6026 : 1999 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 3740 : 2011 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 6572 : 2013 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 2488 : 2009 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 6026 : 2001 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 7928 : 2016 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
ASTM D 3740 : 2010 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 653 : 2021 : REV A Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 2216 : 2019 Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
ASTM D 6572 : 2006 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 4318 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 6913 : 2004 : R2009 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
ASTM D 6572 : 2013 : EDT 2 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 6026 : 1996 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 3740 : 2004 : REV A Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 6572 : 2021 Standard Test Methods for Determining Dispersive Characteristics of Clayey Soils by the Crumb Test
ASTM D 3740 : 2001 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 2488 : 2000 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 2487 : 2006 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 653 : 2021 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 653 : 2021 : REV B Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
ASTM D 4318 : 2010 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 7928 : 2016 : EDT 1 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
ASTM D 7928 : 2021 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
ASTM D 6026 : 1996 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 3740 : 2012 : REV A Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 4318 : 2017 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils
ASTM D 3740 : 2003 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 2487 : 2010 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 2216 : 1998 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
ASTM D 2487 : 2000 Standard Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 2487 : 2006 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 4220/D4220M : 2014 Standard Practices for Preserving and Transporting Soil Samples (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM D 6026 : 2021 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Records in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 2216 : 1971 Standard Method of Laboratory Determination Of Moisture Content Of Soil
ASTM D 6026 : 2001 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
ASTM D 2487 : 2011 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 6913 : 2004 : R2009 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
ASTM D 2487 : 2017 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
ASTM D 2488 : 2009 : REV A Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 2488 : 2017 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures)
ASTM D 2488 : 2006 Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
ASTM D 6913 : 2004 : EDT 1 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
ASTM D 6913 : 2004 : EDT 2 Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
ASTM D 3740 : 2004 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ASTM D 2487 : 1969 : R1975 Standard Test Method for Classification Of Soils For Engineering Purposes

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